The nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamycin IV. Which of the following adverse effects would the nurse report to the physician immediately?

Ototoxicity

Nausea

Constipation

Increased urinary output

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Ototoxicity:

Ototoxicity refers to damage to the auditory and vestibular nerves, leading to hearing loss and balance disturbances. Gentamicin, being an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is known for its potential to cause ototoxicity. Signs and symptoms of ototoxicity include changes in hearing, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and imbalance. Ototoxicity is irreversible and can occur suddenly or gradually during gentamicin therapy. Therefore, any signs or symptoms of ototoxicity should be reported immediately to the physician for further evaluation and management.

B. Nausea:

Nausea is a common gastrointestinal side effect associated with gentamicin therapy. While it can be bothersome to the patient, nausea alone is not typically considered a severe adverse effect that requires immediate reporting to the physician. However, if nausea is severe or persistent and leads to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, it should be addressed promptly.

C. Constipation:

Constipation is another potential gastrointestinal side effect of gentamicin therapy. Like nausea, constipation alone is not typically considered a severe adverse effect that requires immediate reporting to the physician. However, if constipation is severe or persistent and leads to discomfort or bowel obstruction, it should be addressed promptly.

D. Increased urinary output:

Increased urinary output may indicate improved renal function, which can be a desired effect during gentamicin therapy. Gentamicin is primarily excreted by the kidneys, and increased urinary output may help in the elimination of the drug from the body. Therefore, increased urinary output alone is not typically considered an adverse effect that requires immediate reporting to the physician. However, if there are signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalances associated with increased urinary output, they should be addressed promptly.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Never take with prescription medications:

This statement is not accurate. Many herbal products can interact with prescription medications, potentially leading to adverse effects or reduced efficacy. However, avoiding taking herbal products with prescription medications altogether may not be practical or necessary in all cases. Instead, it's essential to assess for potential interactions and consult with healthcare professionals.

B. Use only one herbal preparation at a time:

This is the correct approach. Using only one herbal preparation at a time allows for better identification of any allergic reactions or adverse effects. If multiple herbal products are taken simultaneously, it can be challenging to determine which product is causing a particular reaction. Starting with one product also simplifies monitoring for efficacy and safety.

C. Take less than the recommended dose initially:

While starting with a lower dose initially may be a prudent approach for some individuals, it is not necessarily the best way to identify allergic or adverse reactions. Taking less than the recommended dose may not provide a full assessment of the product's effects and may not adequately identify potential adverse reactions.

D. Check with a reputable pharmacist:

Consulting with a reputable pharmacist is essential for obtaining information about herbal products, including potential interactions, side effects, and recommended dosages. While a pharmacist can provide valuable guidance, they may not be present during the initial use of the herbal product to monitor for adverse reactions directly.

A. Green leafy vegetables B. Sunlight C. Exercise D. Foods high in tyramine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A.Green leafy vegetables:

There is no specific recommendation to avoid green leafy vegetables while taking tetracycline. However, it’s generally advisable to take tetracycline on an empty stomach, as certain foods and supplements containing calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, or zinc can interfere with the absorption of tetracycline if consumed concurrently. Green leafy vegetables are not typically high in these minerals, so there is no need to avoid them specifically.

B. Sunlight:

Tetracycline antibiotics, including Sumycin, can increase the skin’s sensitivity to sunlight and UV radiation, leading to an increased risk of sunburn and photosensitivity reactions. Therefore, clients taking tetracycline should be advised to minimize sun exposure, wear protective clothing, and use sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF) to reduce the risk of sunburn and skin damage.

C. Exercise:

There is no specific contraindication to exercise while taking tetracycline. In fact, regular exercise can promote overall health and well-being. However, it’s essential for clients to listen to their bodies and avoid strenuous exercise if they experience any adverse effects or symptoms while taking tetracycline or any other medication.

D. Foods high in tyramine:

Tetracycline antibiotics do not interact with tyramine-containing foods in the same way as certain other classes of antibiotics, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Therefore, there is no specific need to avoid foods high in tyramine while taking tetracycline, as tyramine-related interactions are not typically associated with tetracycline use.

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The nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamycin IV. Which of the following adverse effects would the nurse report to the physician immediately?

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