What type of cells secrete insulin?

Alpha cells

Beta cells

Acinar cells

Plasma cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Beta cells are the pancreatic cells responsible for secreting insulin. Insulin acts to lower blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage. In individuals with diabetes mellitus, dysfunction of beta cells can lead to inadequate insulin secretion, resulting in high blood sugar levels.
A. Alpha cells are another type of cell in the pancreas, but they secrete glucagon, not insulin. Glucagon has the opposite effect of insulin, increasing blood sugar levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen in the liver.
C. Acinar cells are exocrine cells found in the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ducts. These enzymes aid in the digestion of food in the small intestine. Acinar cells are not involved in the production of insulin.
D. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies as part of the immune response. They are not involved in the production of insulin.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","F","G"]

Explanation

A. Acetone breath, characterized by a fruity or acetone-like odor on the patient's breath, is a classic sign of DKA. In addition, Kussmaul respirations, which are deep and labored breathing patterns, can occur as the body attempts to compensate for metabolic acidosis in DKA.
C. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of DKA and can occur due to metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances, and gastrointestinal disturbances associated with the condition.
F. Tachycardia and hypotension are signs of hemodynamic instability, which can occur in severe cases of DKA due to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and the systemic effects of metabolic acidosis.
G. Turning off an insulin pump can lead to insulin deficiency, which is a precipitating factor for DKA, particularly in patients with type 1 diabetes who rely on continuous insulin therapy. This finding is consistent with the development of DKA.
B. Blurred vision and headache can be symptoms of DKA, although they are not specific to this condition. Elevated blood glucose levels and dehydration associated with DKA can lead to osmotic diuresis and subsequent fluid shifts, which may manifest as headache and visual disturbances.

D. A history of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) predisposes the patient to DKA but the history of appendix removal at age 7 is not directly relevant to the current presentation of DKA.
E. Alcohol ingestion can contribute to the development of DKA by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and promoting ketoacidosis, particularly if the patient is not consuming adequate carbohydrates and insulin. However, it is not a direct sign of DKA.

A. Chocolate B. oatmeal C. Apples D. Nonfat milk

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Chocolate contains caffeine and cocoa, both of which can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and increase the risk of acid reflux. Additionally, chocolate is high in fat, which can further exacerbate symptoms of GERD. Therefore, chocolate is often recommended to be avoided by individuals with GERD.
B. Oatmeal is generally considered a bland and low-acid food that is unlikely to trigger symptoms of GERD. In fact, oatmeal is often recommended as part of a GERD-friendly diet due to its high fiber content, which can help absorb stomach acid and promote digestive health.
C. Apples are generally considered to be low in acid and high in fiber, making them a relatively safe fruit choice for individuals with GERD. However, some individuals may find that certain varieties of apples or apple products (such as apple juice) can exacerbate their GERD symptoms.
D. Nonfat milk is generally considered to be a low-fat and low-acid beverage that is unlikely to trigger symptoms of GERD. However, some individuals may find that consuming dairy products, including milk, can exacerbate their GERD symptoms.

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What type of cells secrete insulin?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","C","F","G"]

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal disease (GERD). Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the list of foods the client should avoid?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. The patient has a BG value of 987 mg/dL. Which is the priority focus while providing care?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary recommendations for a client who has a hiatal hernia. Which of the following client statements indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

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