What type of cells secrete glucagon?

Plasma cells

Acinar cells

Beta cells

Alpha cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Alpha cells, also known as A cells, are a type of pancreatic islet cell (or islet of Langerhans cell) that secretes glucagon. Glucagon plays a crucial role in increasing blood sugar levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and stimulating the release of glucose into the bloodstream.
A. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies as part of the immune response. They are not involved in the production of glucagon.
B. Acinar cells are exocrine cells found in the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ducts. These enzymes aid in the digestion of food in the small intestine. Acinar cells are not involved in the production of glucagon.

C. Beta cells are another type of cell in the pancreas, but they secrete insulin, not glucagon. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach, typically 1 hour before meals. This timing allows the medication to coat the ulcer site effectively and protect it from the acidic environment of the stomach, which increases after eating.
A. Taking sucralfate with an antacid can interfere with its action. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier on the ulcer site, and antacids can prevent sucralfate from binding properly to the ulcer. It's generally recommended to take sucralfate at least 30 minutes before or after antacids.
B. Sucralfate is not taken on an "as needed" basis for pain relief. It is prescribed as a regular, scheduled medication to provide continuous protection of the ulcer site. Pain relief from peptic ulcers comes as the ulcer heals, which sucralfate aids by protecting the mucosal lining.
C. Sucralfate does not need to be stored in the refrigerator. It should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, according to standard storage guidelines for most medications.

A. Newer laser surgery can improve sight after retinal hemorrhage. B. The high incidence of cataracts can be surgically corrected. C. Good control of blood glucose and blood pressure can reduce the risk. D. Diabetes is low as a cause for blindness in the United States.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Good control of blood glucose levels and blood pressure is essential in reducing the risk of diabetic retinopathy and its progression. Research has shown that maintaining tight glycemic control and managing hypertension can significantly decrease the likelihood and severity of retinopathy in patients with diabetes.

A. Laser surgery is a treatment option for certain complications of diabetic retinopathy, such as retinal hemorrhage or retinal detachment. However, it's essential to emphasize that prevention through good glycemic control and regular eye exams is key to reducing the risk of these complications, rather than relying solely on surgical interventions after they occur.
B. Cataracts are more common in individuals with diabetes and can be surgically corrected but this statement does not directly address the concern about retinopathy. Cataracts and retinopathy are separate ocular complications of diabetes, each requiring different management strategies.
D. Diabetes remains one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States, primarily due to its association with diabetic retinopathy. While advancements in diabetes management and eye care have helped reduce the incidence of blindness, it is still a significant concern for individuals with diabetes.

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What type of cells secrete glucagon?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is starting therapy with sucralfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient with type 1 DM expresses concern about developing retinopathy due to a chronic disease. How should the nurse reply?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a child who is starting to use a spacer with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

The nurse enters a room of a patient who is acutely short of breath. Which action should the nurse take first?

The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which lab abnormality is most concerning?

43. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a client who has a new diagnosis of asthma. Identify the sequence the client should follow. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all steps.)

Which patient does the LPN/LVN identify at high risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia?

The LPN/LVN is providing teaching for a patient with type 2 diabetes. Which statement indicates an understanding by the patient?

Management of asthma involves avoidance of triggers. Which environmental triggers will the nurse suggest the patient eliminate? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

After reinforcing teaching on peptic ulcer disease, the nurse evaluates the patient as understanding the education if the patient states which of the following is a primary cause of peptic ulcer disease?