A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary recommendations for a client who has a hiatal hernia. Which of the following client statements indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply)
“I will consume less caffeine and spicy foods"
"I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated”
"I will lie down for one half hour after meals”
“I will drink less fluid"
"I will try not to gain weight”
Correct Answer : A,B,E
A. "I will consume less caffeine and spicy foods":
Spicy foods and caffeine can irritate the esophagus, exacerbating symptoms of hiatal hernia. Avoiding these can help in managing symptoms.
B. "I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated”:
Keeping the head elevated can prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus, reducing symptoms like heartburn. This is a helpful strategy for managing hiatal hernia.
C. "I will lie down for one half hour after meals”:
Lying down after meals can worsen symptoms because gravity can't help keep stomach acid in the stomach. Staying upright after eating helps prevent acid reflux.
D. "I will drink less fluid":There is no need to reduce fluid intake. Staying hydrated is important, and fluids do not typically contribute to hiatal hernia symptoms. However, drinking large amounts of fluid with meals should be avoided as it can increase stomach pressure.
E. "I will try not to gain weight”:
Maintaining a healthy weight is important. Excess weight can increase pressure on the abdomen, potentially worsening hiatal hernia symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Bradycardia
Bradycardia is not a direct symptom of gastrointestinal perforation. When a perforation occurs, the body's response is often to increase the heart rate (tachycardia) due to the stress and shock.
B. Report of epigastric fullness
Epigastric fullness might be a symptom of peptic ulcer disease but is not specific to gastrointestinal perforation.
C. Severe upper abdominal pain
Correct choice. Severe upper abdominal pain, particularly sudden and intense pain, can be indicative of gastrointestinal perforation. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention.
D. Hyperactive bowel sounds
Gastrointestinal perforation can lead to absent or hypoactive bowel sounds due to inflammation and irritation of the abdominal cavity, not hyperactive bowel sounds.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Check the client for a positive Chvostek’s sign:
Chvostek's sign is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia, not related to the given laboratory values. The symptoms include facial muscle twitching when the facial nerve (VII) is tapped. There's no indication for this assessment based on the provided information.
B. Discontinue the TPN infusion:
The glucose level is within the normal range (70-99 mg/dL). Discontinuing TPN based solely on this glucose level is not warranted.
C. Request a potassium replacement:
The potassium level is low (normal range typically 3.5-5.0 mEq/L). Given the low potassium level, the nurse should plan to request a potassium replacement. Potassium is crucial for various physiological functions, and a deficiency can lead to significant complications.
D. Administer glucagon IM:
Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia, but the client's glucose level is within the normal range, so administering glucagon is not indicated.
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