What symptoms should a nurse expect in a 6-week-old infant admitted for evaluation of suspected pyloric stenosis?
Projectile vomiting.
Effortless regurgitation.
Metabolic acidosis.
Distended abdomen.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Projectile vomiting is a common symptom in infants with pyloric stenosis. This is due to the narrowing of the pylorus, the muscular valve at the bottom of the stomach, which prevents breast milk or formula from passing through to the small intestine.
Choice B rationale
Effortless regurgitation is not typically associated with pyloric stenosis. The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting.
Choice C rationale
Metabolic acidosis is not a typical symptom of pyloric stenosis. The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting.
Choice D rationale
While a distended abdomen can occur in some cases of pyloric stenosis, it is not the most common symptom. The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The symptoms described by the parent - projectile vomiting followed by hunger - could indicate a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the small intestine. This condition can lead to severe dehydration and requires immediate medical attention.
Choice B rationale
While burping can help to relieve gas and minor stomach discomfort, it would not address the underlying issue causing the projectile vomiting. This advice might be appropriate for a baby with simple colic or gas, but not for the symptoms described.
Choice C rationale
While oral rehydrating solutions can help to replace lost fluids and electrolytes, they do not address the underlying cause of the projectile vomiting. Furthermore, if the baby is vomiting frequently, they may not be able to keep down the solution.
Choice D rationale
Switching formulas can sometimes help babies who have allergies or intolerances to certain ingredients in their current formula. However, the symptoms described are not typical of a formula intolerance or allergy. Moreover, switching formulas without seeking medical advice can potentially lead to other complications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The incubation period for varicella, or chickenpox, is typically longer than 2 to 5 days. It usually ranges from 10 to 21 days.
Choice B rationale
An incubation period of 3 to 4 weeks is within the typical range for varicella. However, the average incubation period is usually around 14 to 16 days.
Choice C rationale
An incubation period of 7 to 10 days is shorter than the typical incubation period for varicella, which is usually around 14 to 16 days.
Choice D rationale
An incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks is within the typical range for varicella. The average incubation period is usually around 14 to 16 days.
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