What statement by the client indicates that the client understands the nurse's teaching about diuretics?

A) By blocking the effects of histamine in the body:
Antihistamines are pharmacological agents that work by antagonizing the effects of histamine, a chemical mediator released by mast cells and basophils in response to allergens or other triggers. Histamine contributes to various allergic symptoms such as itching, sneezing, nasal congestion, and watery eyes. Antihistamines exert their effects by competitively binding to histamine receptors (specifically H1 receptors) on target cells, thereby preventing histamine from binding and exerting its physiological effects. By blocking histamine receptors, antihistamines inhibit the action of histamine, leading to the alleviation of allergy symptoms.

B) By reducing inflammation in the body:
While some medications, such as corticosteroids, exert anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the immune response and inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators, antihistamines primarily target histamine receptors and do not directly reduce inflammation. Although histamine release can contribute to inflammation, antihistamines mitigate allergic symptoms primarily by blocking the action of histamine rather than by directly reducing inflammation.

C) By increasing the production of histamine in the body:
This statement is inaccurate. Antihistamines do not increase the production of histamine; instead, they counteract the effects of histamine by blocking its activity at receptor sites. The primary mechanism of action of antihistamines involves blocking histamine receptors to prevent histamine from exerting its physiological effects.

D) By stimulating the immune system:
Antihistamines do not stimulate the immune system. Instead, they act as antagonists to histamine receptors, thereby inhibiting histamine-induced responses. While histamine is involved in immune responses and allergic reactions, antihistamines do not directly modulate immune function or stimulate immune activity. Their primary role is to alleviate allergy symptoms by blocking the effects of histamine."

Here's how to find the volume the nurse should administer:

Medication dose to be administered: 250 mg

Available medication concentration: 1000 mg/8 mL

We need to find the volume (in mL) that contains the desired dose (250 mg) of hydrocortisone sodium succinate.

Set up a proportion:

Desired dose (mg) : Volume to administer (mL) = Concentration (mg/mL) : Available volume (mL)

In this case:

Desired dose (mg) = 250 mg

Concentration (mg/mL) = 1000 mg/8 mL (available concentration)

Volume to administer (mL) = Unknown (what we need to find)

Available volume (mL) = 8 mL (volume of solution containing the concentrated medication)

Solve for the volume to administer (mL):

Volume to administer (mL) = (Desired dose (mg) x Available volume (mL)) / Concentration (mg/mL)

Volume to administer (mL) = (250 mg x 8 mL) / 1000 mg/mL

Calculate the volume:

Volume to administer (mL) = 2000 mg / 1000 mg/mL

Volume to administer (mL) = 2 mL (round to nearest whole number as requested)

Therefore, the nurse should administer approximately 2 mL of the hydrocortisone sodium succinate solution.