The client has been ordered a nonselective beta-blocking agent called propranolol, PO. Propranolol is used in the treatment of which disorders (Select All that Apply.)
Hypoglycemia
Arrhythmias
Hypertension
Hypokalemia
Angina
Correct Answer : B,C,E
A) Hypoglycemia:
Propranolol, a nonselective beta-blocking agent, can mask some of the symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as tachycardia and tremors, by blocking the sympathetic response. Therefore, it is not typically used in the treatment of hypoglycemia and may even exacerbate low blood sugar levels.
B) Arrhythmias:
Propranolol is commonly used in the treatment of various cardiac arrhythmias. By blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, it reduces the heart rate and myocardial contractility, thereby helping to control arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.
C) Hypertension:
Propranolol is effective in lowering blood pressure and is often prescribed for the management of hypertension. Its beta-blocking action reduces cardiac output and suppresses renin release, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure.
D) Hypokalemia:
Propranolol does not have a direct role in the treatment of hypokalemia. While it can potentially exacerbate hypokalemia through its effects on potassium metabolism, it is not a primary treatment for this electrolyte imbalance.
E) Angina:
Propranolol is indicated for the treatment of angina pectoris, particularly in cases of stable angina. By reducing myocardial oxygen demand through its negative chronotropic and inotropic effects, it helps relieve anginal symptoms and improve exercise tolerance."
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["675"]
Explanation
1. Convert client weight from pounds to kilograms (kg):
We know 1 kg = 2.205 pounds.
Client weight (kg) = 198 lb / 2.205 lb/kg = 90 kg (round to nearest whole number for this calculation).
2. Calculate the total daily dosage:
Prescribed dosage per kg per day: 15 mg/kg/day
Client weight (kg): 90 kg (rounded value from step 1)
Total daily dosage (mg): Dosage (mg/kg/day) x Client weight (kg)
Total daily dosage (mg): 15 mg/kg/day x 90 kg = 1350 mg/day
3. Since the dosage is divided equally every 12 hours, calculate the amount per dose:
Frequency of administration: Every 12 hours
Total daily dosage (mg): 1350 mg/day
Dosage per dose (mg) = Total daily dosage (mg) / Frequency (doses/day)
Dosage per dose (mg) = 1350 mg/day / 2 doses/day
Dosage per dose (mg) = 675 mg/dose (round to nearest whole number as requested)
Therefore, the nurse should administer approximately 675 mg of vancomycin with each dose.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Decreased bowel sounds:
While diarrhea can lead to changes in bowel function, such as increased frequency and urgency, it typically does not cause decreased bowel sounds. In fact, hyperactive bowel sounds may be present in some cases of diarrhea due to increased gastrointestinal motility and peristalsis as the body attempts to expel excess stool.
B) Dehydration:
This is the correct answer. Diarrhea can result in fluid and electrolyte losses, leading to dehydration if not adequately managed. Common symptoms of dehydration include increased thirst, dry mucous membranes, decreased urine output, dark urine, fatigue, weakness, and dizziness. In severe cases, dehydration can lead to hypovolemic shock, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention.
C) Rigid abdomen:
While abdominal discomfort and cramping are common symptoms of diarrhea, a rigid abdomen is not typically associated with uncomplicated cases of diarrhea. However, severe abdominal pain, distention, and rigidity may indicate underlying complications such as bowel obstruction or peritonitis, which require urgent medical evaluation.
D) Hypothermia:
Hypothermia, or abnormally low body temperature, is not a typical finding in clients with diarrhea. In fact, diarrhea is more commonly associated with fluid and electrolyte imbalances that can lead to hyperthermia (elevated body temperature) due to dehydration and inflammatory responses. However, hypothermia may occur in severe cases of dehydration or sepsis, but it is not a direct consequence of diarrhea itself.
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