What is true about the urine osmolality when the kidney is adequately functioning?
Equal to the excretion of urea
In a ratio of 10:1 with the serum
Approximately half of the serum
Equal to the osmolality of the serum
The Correct Answer is D
A. Equal to the excretion of urea: Urea excretion contributes to osmolality but does not define it.
B. In a ratio of 10:1 with the serum: This is not a recognized ratio for urine and serum osmolality.
C. Approximately half of the serum: In a healthy kidney, urine osmolality may vary but typically equals serum osmolality in a state of balance.
D. Equal to the osmolality of the serum: Under normal conditions, the kidney regulates urine osmolality to maintain a balance with serum osmolality, reflecting adequate kidney function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Document normal findings: Pink-tinged urine is expected after a cystoscopy due to minor trauma to the urethra or bladder during the procedure.
B. Contact the Rapid Response Team: Pink-tinged urine does not indicate a medical emergency requiring the Rapid Response Team.
C. Promptly notify the healthcare provider: This finding does not require immediate notification unless accompanied by significant bleeding, clots, or other abnormal symptoms.
D. Restrict fluids: Increasing fluid intake helps flush the urinary tract and reduce irritation after a cystoscopy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter: Ureteral stones may cause flank pain or hematuria, but symptoms like urgency and cloudy urine are more indicative of infection.
B. Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination: The symptoms of urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, and dark, cloudy urine strongly suggest bacterial cystitis (UTI).
C. Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis typically presents with systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and flank pain, which are not described here.
D. Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient): Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition that is not usually associated with cloudy urine or bacterial contamination.
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