What is an infectious disease that can be transmitted directly from one person to another?

Choice A reason: Putting on nonsterile gloves is the first action that the nurse should take before performing a wound culture. This is to protect the nurse from exposure to blood and body fluids and to prevent crosscontamination. Nonsterile gloves are sufficient for wound care as long as the wound is not sterile or infected.

Choice B reason: Gently removing the soiled dressings is the second action that the nurse should take after putting on nonsterile gloves. This is to expose the wound and prepare it for irrigation and culture. The nurse should discard the soiled dressings in a biohazard bag and observe the wound for any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or odor.

Choice C reason: Irrigating the wound is the third action that the nurse should take after removing the soiled dressings. This is to cleanse the wound and remove any debris or bacteria. The nurse should use sterile normal saline or an antiseptic solution as prescribed by the provider and irrigate the wound with a syringe or a spray bottle. The nurse should avoid touching the wound with the irrigation device and collect the runoff in a basin or a towel.

Choice D reason: Labeling the specimen tube is the last action that the nurse should take after irrigating the wound and obtaining the culture. This is to ensure that the specimen is correctly identified and processed by the laboratory. The nurse should label the tube with the client's name, date, time, and site of the wound. The nurse should also document the procedure and the wound assessment in the client's chart.

Choice A reason: A susceptible host is not an infectious disease, but a factor that influences the transmission of an infectious disease. A susceptible host is a person who is vulnerable to infection due to factors such as age, health status, immunization, or genetic predisposition. A susceptible host may become infected by a communicable disease, but it is not the disease itself.

Choice B reason: A communicable disease is an infectious disease that can be transmitted directly from one person to another. A communicable disease is caused by a pathogen, such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, or parasite, that can spread through contact, droplet, airborne, vector, or vehicle transmission. Examples of communicable diseases are influenza, tuberculosis, measles, malaria, and HIV/AIDS.

Choice C reason: A portal of entry to a host is not an infectious disease, but a factor that influences the transmission of an infectious disease. A portal of entry to a host is a route through which a pathogen can enter the body of a susceptible host and cause infection. A portal of entry to a host may be a break in the skin, a mucous membrane, or a body opening, such as the mouth, nose, eyes, or genitals. A portal of entry to a host may facilitate the transmission of a communicable disease, but it is not the disease itself.

Choice D reason: A portal of exit from the reservoir is not an infectious disease, but a factor that influences the transmission of an infectious disease. A portal of exit from the reservoir is a route through which a pathogen can leave the body of an infected person or animal and reach another susceptible host. A portal of exit from the reservoir may be a body fluid, such as blood, saliva, urine, or feces, or a body part, such as the skin, hair, or nails. A portal of exit from the reservoir may enable the transmission of a communicable disease, but it is not the disease itself.