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The patient complains of fatigue and joint pain and reports that they are unable to walk due to pain in the knees. What is the most appropriate statement by the nurse?

Choice A reason: Higherthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ Tcells are normal is not a laboratory value that most adults with human immunodeficiency virus will exhibit, because it does not reflect the effect of the virus on the immune system. CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ Tcells are types of white blood cells that play a key role in the immune response. CD4+ Tcells are helper cells that activate and coordinate other immune cells, while CD8+ Tcells are cytotoxic cells that kill infected or abnormal cells. Human immunodeficiency virus infects and destroys CD4+ Tcells, which impairs the immune function and increases the risk of opportunistic infections and cancers. CD8+ Tcells are not directly affected by the virus, but they may increase in number as a compensatory mechanism to fight the infection. Therefore, most adults with human immunodeficiency virus will have lowerthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and higher than normal CD8+ Tcells.

Choice B reason: Lowerthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ Tcells are normal is not a laboratory value that most adults with human immunodeficiency virus will exhibit, because it does not reflect the effect of the virus on the immune system, as explained above. Lowerthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ Tcells are normal may indicate a condition that affects both types of Tcells, such as aplastic anemia, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunosuppressive drugs.

Choice C reason: Lowerthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and higher than normal CD8+ Tcells is a laboratory value that most adults with human immunodeficiency virus will exhibit, because it reflects the effect of the virus on the immune system, as explained above. Lowerthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and higher than normal CD8+ Tcells may indicate the progression of the infection and the severity of the immunodeficiency. The normal range of CD4+ Tcells is 500 to 1500 cells per microliter of blood, while the normal range of CD8+ Tcells is 150 to 1000 cells per microliter of blood.

Choice D reason: Higherthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ Tcells are low is not a laboratory value that most adults with human immunodeficiency virus will exhibit, because it does not reflect the effect of the virus on the immune system, as explained above. Higherthannormal number of CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ Tcells are low may indicate a condition that affects CD8+ Tcells, such as leukemia, lymphoma, or corticosteroid therapy.

Choice A reason: "Because it is easy to digest." is not the best response by the nurse. This is not a valid reason for giving protein supplements to a client with a bed sore. Protein supplements may or may not be easy to digest depending on the type and amount of protein and the client's digestive system. The ease of digestion is not the main goal of protein supplementation.

Choice B reason: "If you don't like it, you don't have to take it." is not the best response by the nurse. This is a dismissive and unprofessional response that does not address the client's question or concern. Protein supplements are prescribed for a reason and the client should be educated on the benefits and risks of taking or refusing them. The nurse should also respect the client's preferences and choices and offer alternatives if possible.

Choice C reason: "These supplements have nothing to do with your wound." is not the best response by the nurse. This is a false and misleading statement that contradicts the evidencebased practice of wound care. Protein supplements have a lot to do with wound healing as they provide the essential nutrients for tissue repair and regeneration. Protein deficiency can impair wound healing and increase the risk of infection and complications.

Choice D reason: "Protein has amino acids that promote wound healing." is the best response by the nurse. This is a factual and informative statement that explains the rationale for giving protein supplements to a client with a bed sore. Protein is composed of amino acids, which are the building blocks of cells and tissues. Amino acids are involved in various processes of wound healing, such as collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and immune response. Protein supplementation can enhance wound healing and prevent protein malnutrition.