What is true about antiretroviral drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Choice A reason: Providing the client with antipyretic therapy is not the nurse's priority. Antipyretic therapy is a treatment that lowers the body temperature and reduces fever. Fever is a common symptom of acute osteomyelitis, which is a bacterial infection of the bone and bone marrow. Antipyretic therapy may help to relieve the discomfort and inflammation caused by fever, but it does not address the underlying cause of the infection.

Choice B reason: Administering antibiotics to the client is the nurse's priority. Antibiotics are medications that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics are the main treatment for acute osteomyelitis, as they target the specific type of bacteria that is causing the infection. Antibiotics can prevent the spread of the infection to other bones or organs and reduce the risk of complications, such as chronic osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or sepsis.

Choice C reason: Increasing the client's protein intake is not the nurse's priority. Protein intake is a nutritional factor that affects the wound healing and immune system. Protein is composed of amino acids, which are the building blocks of cells and tissues. Protein intake can enhance the repair and regeneration of the bone and the soft tissues that are damaged by the infection. Protein intake can also support the immune system's ability to fight off the infection. However, protein intake alone is not sufficient to treat acute osteomyelitis, as it does not eliminate the bacteria that are causing the infection.

Choice D reason: Teaching relaxation breathing to reduce the client's pain is not the nurse's priority. Relaxation breathing is a technique that involves deep and slow breathing that helps to relax the body and mind. Relaxation breathing can help to reduce the pain and stress that are associated with acute osteomyelitis. Pain is a common symptom of acute osteomyelitis, which is caused by the inflammation and pressure on the bone and the surrounding tissues. Relaxation breathing can help to ease the pain and improve the mood and quality of life of the client. However, relaxation breathing alone is not enough to treat acute osteomyelitis, as it does not address the source of the pain.

Choice A reason: The main side effect of acetaminophen is gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is incorrect and misleading. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer that is commonly used for osteoarthritis, but it does not have antiinflammatory properties. Acetaminophen does not cause GI bleeding, unlike NSAIDs, which can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers and bleeding. The main side effect of acetaminophen is liver damage, which can occur if the dose is exceeded or if the drug is combined with alcohol or other hepatotoxic substances.

Choice B reason: You should not take more than 4000 mg of acetaminophen a day is a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is correct and important. Acetaminophen has a maximum daily dose of 4000 mg for adults, which should not be exceeded to avoid the risk of liver damage or overdose. Acetaminophen can be found in many overthecounter and prescription products, such as cold and flu remedies, cough syrups, or combination analgesics. Therefore, the client should read the labels carefully and keep track of the total amount of acetaminophen they are taking from all sources.

Choice C reason: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are very safe and have no side effects is not a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is incorrect and misleading. NSAIDs are a group of drugs that have antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, and that are commonly used for osteoarthritis. However, NSAIDs are not very safe and have many side effects, such as GI bleeding, ulcers, kidney damage, cardiovascular events, allergic reactions, or interactions with other drugs. Therefore, the client should use NSAIDs with caution and under the supervision of the provider.

Choice D reason: The most common adverse effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are liver failure and tinnitus is not a teaching that the nurse should include in the education, because it is incorrect and misleading. Liver failure and tinnitus are not the most common adverse effects of NSAIDs, but rather rare and serious ones. Liver failure can occur in some cases of NSAID overdose or hypersensitivity, while tinnitus can occur in some cases of NSAID toxicity or high doses. The most common adverse effects of NSAIDs are GI bleeding, ulcers, or irritation, which can affect up to 15% of the users.