What is true about antiretroviral drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Choice A reason: Nociceptive pain is not the type of pain that the client is experiencing. Nociceptive pain is caused by the stimulation of nociceptors, which are sensory receptors that detect tissue damage or potential harm. Nociceptive pain is usually localized, sharp, throbbing, or aching. It is associated with injuries such as cuts, burns, sprains, or fractures. The client's pain is not caused by any tissue damage or harm in the distal part of the amputated limb, as there is no tissue left there.

Choice B reason: Neuropathic pain is the type of pain that the client is experiencing. Neuropathic pain is caused by the damage or dysfunction of the nervous system, such as the peripheral nerves, the spinal cord, or the brain. Neuropathic pain is usually chronic, burning, shooting, or tingling. It is associated with conditions such as diabetes, shingles, stroke, or amputation. The client's pain is caused by the disruption of the nerve signals from the amputated limb, which creates a phantom sensation of pain in the missing part.

Choice C reason: Cutaneous pain is not the type of pain that the client is experiencing. Cutaneous pain is caused by the stimulation of the cutaneous receptors, which are sensory receptors that detect touch, temperature, or pressure on the skin. Cutaneous pain is usually superficial, brief, or pricking. It is associated with stimuli such as pinching, scratching, or cold. The client's pain is not caused by any touch, temperature, or pressure on the skin of the distal part of the amputated limb, as there is no skin left there.

Choice D reason: Visceral pain is not the type of pain that the client is experiencing. Visceral pain is caused by the stimulation of the visceral receptors, which are sensory receptors that detect stretch, inflammation, or ischemia in the internal organs. Visceral pain is usually deep, dull, or cramping. It is associated with conditions such as appendicitis, pancreatitis, or bowel obstruction. The client's pain is not caused by any stretch, inflammation, or ischemia in the internal organs of the distal part of the amputated limb, as there are no organs left there.

Choice A reason: Pulmonary embolism is not the correct answer, because it is a condition that affects the lungs, not the arm. Pulmonary embolism is a blockage of one or more arteries in the lungs by a blood clot, which can cause shortness of breath, chest pain, and coughing up blood.

Choice B reason: Ischial tuberosity is not the correct answer, because it is a bony projection on the pelvis, not the arm. Ischial tuberosity is the part of the pelvis that supports the weight of the body when sitting, and it can be injured by trauma, overuse, or infection.

Choice C reason: Compartment syndrome is the correct answer, because it is a condition that affects the arm, and it matches the symptoms of the client. Compartment syndrome is a serious complication of a traumatic injury, such as a fracture, that causes increased pressure within a closed space of the body, such as the forearm. This pressure can compromise the blood flow and nerve function of the affected area, causing pain, numbness, weakness, and pale skin.

Choice D reason: Broken arm syndrome is not the correct answer, because it is not a real medical condition. Broken arm syndrome is a madeup term that does not describe any specific diagnosis or treatment.