This is the edited text:
A client with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?
A pathogenic infection
An opportunistic infection
A nosocomial infection
A root cause infection
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is an incorrect answer because a pathogenic infection is caused by a microorganism that can cause disease in a healthy host. Pathogens are usually able to overcome the host's immune defenses and cause symptoms and damage. Examples of pathogenic infections are strep throat, tuberculosis, and malaria.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer because an opportunistic infection is caused by a microorganism that normally does not cause disease in a healthy host, but can take advantage of a weakened immune system and cause serious illness. Opportunistic infections are common and often lifethreatening complications of HIV infection, as the virus destroys the CD4 cells that help fight infections. Examples of opportunistic infections are pneumocystis pneumonia, candidiasis, and toxoplasmosis.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect answer because a nosocomial infection is acquired in a health care setting, such as a hospital, clinic, or nursing home. Nosocomial infections are usually caused by microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics and can spread easily among patients and staff. Examples of nosocomial infections are methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridioides difficile (C. diff), and urinary tract infections.
Choice D reason: This is an incorrect answer because a root cause infection is not a valid term in medical terminology. A root cause is the underlying factor or reason that leads to a problem or outcome. A root cause analysis is a process of identifying and addressing the root causes of a problem or event, such as an infection, to prevent recurrence and improve quality and safety.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Polyuria is the production of abnormally large amounts of urine, which can be caused by various factors, such as diabetes, kidney disease, or diuretics. Polyuria is not an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation does not affect the urinary system directly, unless the inflammation is located in the kidneys or bladder.
Choice B reason: Edema is the swelling of tissues due to excess fluid accumulation, which can be caused by various factors, such as heart failure, liver disease, or venous insufficiency. Edema is not an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation does not cause fluid retention, but rather fluid leakage from the blood vessels into the interstitial spaces.
Choice C reason: Heat is an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Heat is caused by the increased blood flow to the inflamed area, which brings more oxygen and nutrients to the damaged tissues. Heat also helps to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms that may cause infection.
Choice D reason: Erythema is an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Erythema is the redness of the skin due to the dilation of the blood vessels in the inflamed area, which increases the blood flow and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the damaged tissues. Erythema also helps to signal the presence of inflammation and attract immune cells to the site.
Choice E reason: Pain is an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Pain is caused by the stimulation of the nerve endings by chemical mediators, such as histamine, prostaglandins, and bradykinin, that are released by the inflamed tissues. Pain also helps to alert the client of the injury or infection and to limit the movement or use of the affected area.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is correct and should be included in the nurse's teaching. It informs the client about the availability and benefits of adaptive devices that can enhance their home safety and independence. It also shows the nurse's empathy and respect for the client's needs and preferences.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It reflects the nurse's personal opinion and bias, and it may discourage the client from seeking help or expressing their pain. It also shows the nurse's lack of understanding and compassion for the client's condition and challenges.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It suggests an unsafe and hazardous practice that can increase the risk of falls and injuries for the client. It also shows the nurse's negligence and irresponsibility for the client's home safety.
Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It implies that the client is noncompliant and blames them for their home safety issues. It also shows the nurse's judgmental and accusatory attitude towards the client.
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