This is the edited text:
A client with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?
A pathogenic infection
An opportunistic infection
A nosocomial infection
A root cause infection
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is an incorrect answer because a pathogenic infection is caused by a microorganism that can cause disease in a healthy host. Pathogens are usually able to overcome the host's immune defenses and cause symptoms and damage. Examples of pathogenic infections are strep throat, tuberculosis, and malaria.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer because an opportunistic infection is caused by a microorganism that normally does not cause disease in a healthy host, but can take advantage of a weakened immune system and cause serious illness. Opportunistic infections are common and often lifethreatening complications of HIV infection, as the virus destroys the CD4 cells that help fight infections. Examples of opportunistic infections are pneumocystis pneumonia, candidiasis, and toxoplasmosis.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect answer because a nosocomial infection is acquired in a health care setting, such as a hospital, clinic, or nursing home. Nosocomial infections are usually caused by microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics and can spread easily among patients and staff. Examples of nosocomial infections are methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridioides difficile (C. diff), and urinary tract infections.
Choice D reason: This is an incorrect answer because a root cause infection is not a valid term in medical terminology. A root cause is the underlying factor or reason that leads to a problem or outcome. A root cause analysis is a process of identifying and addressing the root causes of a problem or event, such as an infection, to prevent recurrence and improve quality and safety.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: "Tell me about what medications you are taking." is not the most appropriate statement by the nurse, because it is not related to the psychosocial assessment. Medications are part of the physical or pharmacological assessment, which focuses on the type, dose, frequency, and effectiveness of the drugs that the client is taking for rheumatoid arthritis. Medications may have some psychosocial implications, such as side effects, costs, or adherence, but they are not the main focus of the psychosocial assessment.
Choice B reason: "What physical limitations are you experiencing?" is not the most appropriate statement by the nurse, because it is not related to the psychosocial assessment. Physical limitations are part of the functional or mobility assessment, which focuses on the range of motion, strength, endurance, and coordination of the joints and muscles that are affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Physical limitations may have some psychosocial implications, such as pain, disability, or dependence, but they are not the main focus of the psychosocial assessment.
Choice C reason: "How does this impact your role in your family?" is the most appropriate statement by the nurse, because it is related to the psychosocial assessment. Role in the family is part of the social or relational assessment, which focuses on the interactions, responsibilities, and expectations of the client and their family members in relation to rheumatoid arthritis. Role in the family may have significant psychosocial implications, such as role changes, role conflicts, role strain, or role loss, which can affect the client's selfesteem, identity, and coping.
Choice D reason: "What therapies are you using to reduce swelling?" is not the most appropriate statement by the nurse, because it is not related to the psychosocial assessment. Therapies are part of the physical or nonpharmacological assessment, which focuses on the modalities, techniques, or devices that the client is using to manage the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Therapies may have some psychosocial implications, such as availability, accessibility, or preference, but they are not the main focus of the psychosocial assessment.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Sensory perception is one of the six subscales that will be utilized in a Braden Scale assessment, because it measures the degree to which the client can respond to pressurerelated discomfort or pain. Sensory perception can be affected by factors such as level of consciousness, spinal cord injury, or neuropathy. Sensory perception can influence the risk of pressure injuries, as clients with impaired sensory perception may not be able to feel or report the pressure, or change their position to relieve the pressure.
Choice B reason: Age is not one of the six subscales that will be utilized in a Braden Scale assessment, because it is not a direct or independent predictor of pressure injury risk. Age is a demographic variable that can be associated with other factors that affect the risk of pressure injuries, such as skin condition, mobility, or comorbidities. However, age itself is not a factor that is measured or scored in the Braden Scale assessment.
Choice C reason: Friction and shear is one of the six subscales that will be utilized in a Braden Scale assessment, because it measures the degree to which the client's skin is exposed to rubbing or sliding forces. Friction and shear can be affected by factors such as bed linens, transfers, or repositioning. Friction and shear can influence the risk of pressure injuries, as they can damage the skin and underlying tissues, or reduce the blood flow and oxygen delivery to the skin and tissues.
Choice D reason: Nutrition is one of the six subscales that will be utilized in a Braden Scale assessment, because it measures the degree to which the client's intake of food and fluids meets the body's needs. Nutrition can be affected by factors such as appetite, dentition, or swallowing. Nutrition can influence the risk of pressure injuries, as it can affect the skin integrity, wound healing, and immune function of the client.
Choice E reason: Mental state is not one of the six subscales that will be utilized in a Braden Scale assessment, because it is not a direct or independent predictor of pressure injury risk. Mental state is a psychological variable that can be associated with other factors that affect the risk of pressure injuries, such as sensory perception, mobility, or activity. However, mental state itself is not a factor that is measured or scored in the Braden Scale assessment.
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