Most adults with human immunodeficiency virus will exhibit which of the following laboratory values?

Choice A reason: Washing your hands thoroughly is an important measure to reduce the risk of infection. Hand washing is one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of germs that can cause diseases. Hand washing can remove dirt, bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants from the skin and prevent them from entering the body or spreading to others. The nurse should teach the client with AIDS to wash their hands frequently and properly, especially before and after eating, using the bathroom, touching their face, or handling any objects that may be contaminated.

Choice B reason: Avoiding cleaning your toothbrush with bleach is not a measure to reduce the risk of infection. Cleaning your toothbrush with bleach is not a recommended practice, as bleach is a harsh chemical that can damage the toothbrush and irritate the mouth. However, cleaning your toothbrush with bleach does not increase the risk of infection, as bleach can kill most germs that may be present on the toothbrush. The nurse should teach the client with AIDS to rinse their toothbrush with water after each use and replace it every 3 to 4 months or sooner if the bristles are worn or frayed.

Choice C reason: Avoiding raw fruits and vegetables is a measure to reduce the risk of infection. Raw fruits and vegetables may be contaminated with bacteria, parasites, or pesticides that can cause foodborne illnesses. The client with AIDS has a weakened immune system that cannot fight off these infections effectively and may develop serious complications, such as diarrhea, dehydration, or malnutrition. The nurse should teach the client with AIDS to wash, peel, or cook their fruits and vegetables before eating them and to avoid any that are bruised, moldy, or spoiled.

Choice D reason: Avoiding crowds is a measure to reduce the risk of infection. Crowds are places where many people gather and interact, such as public transportation, shopping malls, schools, or workplaces. Crowds increase the exposure to germs that can cause respiratory, gastrointestinal, or skin infections. The client with AIDS has a lowered resistance to these infections and may contract them more easily and severely. The nurse should teach the client with AIDS to avoid crowds as much as possible and to wear a mask, practice social distancing, and use hand sanitizer if they have to be in a crowded place.

Choice E reason: Not sharing toothpaste with family members is a measure to reduce the risk of infection. Sharing toothpaste with family members can transfer saliva, blood, or other body fluids that may contain germs that can cause oral, dental, or systemic infections. The client with AIDS is more susceptible to these infections and may also transmit the HIV virus to their family members through their body fluids. The nurse should teach the client with AIDS to use their own toothpaste and toothbrush and to store them separately from their family members' ones.

Choice A reason: Culturing the wound is not the nurse's priority assessment for this client, because it is not the most urgent and relevant action. Culturing the wound is a procedure that involves collecting a sample of the wound drainage and sending it to the laboratory for analysis, which can help identify the type and source of infection. Culturing the wound is an important intervention, but it should be done after inspecting the wound and assessing the drainage, and with a medical order and a sterile technique.

Choice B reason: Applying topical ointment to the wound is not the nurse's priority assessment for this client, because it is not the most urgent and relevant action. Applying topical ointment to the wound is a procedure that involves applying a medication or a dressing to the wound site, which can help prevent or treat infection, inflammation, or pain. Applying topical ointment to the wound is an important intervention, but it should be done after inspecting the wound and assessing the drainage, and with a medical order and a clean technique.

Choice C reason: Inspecting the wound and assessing the drainage is the nurse's priority assessment for this client, because it is the most urgent and relevant action. Inspecting the wound and assessing the drainage is a process that involves observing and measuring the wound site and the wound exudate, which can reveal the presence and severity of infection, injury, or healing. Inspecting the wound and assessing the drainage is an essential assessment, as it can guide the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the client's condition.

Choice D reason: Calling the provider to initiate antibiotics is not the nurse's priority assessment for this client, because it is not the most urgent and relevant action. Calling the provider to initiate antibiotics is a communication that involves reporting the client's situation and requesting a prescription for an antimicrobial agent, which can help fight or prevent infection. Calling the provider to initiate antibiotics is an important communication, but it should be done after inspecting the wound and assessing the drainage, and with the necessary data and documentation.