What is a potential symptom of bipolar disorder?

Persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness

Lack of emotions and inability to experience pleasure

Excessive worry or anxiety

Periods of elevated mood and increased energy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   This is a primary symptom of depression, not bipolar disorder. While bipolar disorder can include depressive episodes, it also involves periods of elevated mood.
B.   This is more characteristic of a condition like anhedonia, often associated with depression, not bipolar disorder.
C.   While anxiety can coexist with bipolar disorder, it's not a core symptom of the condition.
D.   This is a hallmark symptom of bipolar disorder, specifically the manic or hypomanic phase.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A history of a brain tumor does not automatically exclude a person from ECT, but it requires careful consideration and evaluation. It would be essential to conduct a thorough assessment, including imaging studies and consultations with specialists, to ensure that ECT would be safe and appropriate in this context.
B. This option is a strong candidate for ECT. ECT is particularly effective for individuals with severe, treatment-resistant depression, especially when other interventions such as medication and psychotherapy have not been successful. ECT is often considered when depression is severe, persistent, and significantly impairs functioning or poses a risk to life.
C. ECT is generally not indicated for mild depression. The treatment is typically reserved for more severe cases where other forms of treatment have failed or when rapid response is necessary. Mild depression can often be managed effectively with psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, without the need for ECT.
D. While ECT can be considered for individuals with severe depression and underlying medical conditions, congestive heart failure (CHF) adds a layer of complexity. However, ECT can still be considered if the potential benefits outweigh the risks, and if the patient is carefully monitored and managed by a multidisciplinary team.

A. Denial B. Regression C. Projection D. Rationalization

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the defense mechanism where a person refuses to acknowledge a painful reality. In this case, the client is denying their illness and the need for hospitalization.
B. This involves reverting to childlike behaviors as a way to cope with stress. It doesn't fit the scenario.
C. This is attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto others. There's no evidence of this in the given situation.
D. This involves creating excuses to justify unacceptable behavior. The client is not justifying their behavior but denying it.

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What is a potential symptom of bipolar disorder?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which client would be a candidate for Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit for treatment of a psychotic disorder. The client is at the locked exit door and is shouting. "Let me out! There's nothing wrong with me! I don't belong here!" The nurse identifies this behavior as which defense mechanism?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is depressed and has attempted suicide tells the nurse, "I should have died because I am totally worthless which of t responses should the nurse make?

A nurse is caring for a client who has depression. When the nurse encourages the client to join an activity the client states, "What's the use?" Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention?

A 40-year-old patient cries and has a tantrum when the health care provider refuses to give her a prescription for diet pills. The nurse realizes that this is the use of which defense mechanism?

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Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.

A young man with malaria spikes a temperature of 105 F (40.5°C) and begins to hallucinate. How should the nurse assess this?