In the early 20th century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent behaviors. Which descriptions procedure is accurate?
A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid.
A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus.
A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain.
A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Drilling holes in the skull to drain fluid is more aligned with procedures for treating conditions like hydrocephalus (accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain) rather than a lobotomy. A lobotomy involves more invasive alterations to brain tissue.
B. In a prefrontal lobotomy, the surgeon would sever the connections between the frontal lobes and other parts of the brain, including the thalamus, to disrupt neural pathways. This was done in an attempt to alter behavior and mood. The procedure aimed to modify the function of the frontal lobes to reduce symptoms of severe mental disorders, but it often had significant and detrimental side effects.
C. This description refers to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), not a lobotomy. ECT involves applying electrical currents to the brain to induce controlled seizures and is used to treat severe depression and other mental health conditions. It is different from the surgical approach of a lobotomy.
D. This description does not accurately describe a lobotomy. The lobotomy procedure involved cutting or damaging brain tissue rather than inserting implants. The insertion of implants into the brain is not characteristic of lobotomy and is not a common practice in the historical context of this procedure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. It’s important for a nurse to address the behavior immediately and to establish expectations for acceptable conduct. However, while this statement is firm, it does not offer immediate guidance or intervention on how to resolve the situation or manage emotions.
B. This statement is not appropriate in this context because it incorrectly assumes the behavior was physical (hitting) rather than verbal (yelling). It also places the client on the defensive and may not
effectively address the immediate situation. Instead of focusing on why the behavior occurred, it’s more
important to manage and de-escalate the current situation first.
C. This response is punitive and does not address the immediate issue or the underlying causes of the behavior. While setting consequences may be part of a broader behavior management plan, immediate actions should focus on de-escalation and safety rather than punishment. Additionally, consequences should be proportionate and ideally involve a discussion with the client about their behavior and its impact.
D. This statement is not effective because it shifts the focus from the immediate behavior to a vague notion of disappointment, which may not address the situation constructively. It’s important for the nurse to be clear about the expectations for behavior and to provide immediate guidance on managing emotions and conflicts.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This principle relates to protecting patient information. It is not relevant to this scenario.
B. This principle respects the patient's right to self-determination. By disregarding the client's preference for walking with her daughter, the nursing assistant violated the client's autonomy.
C. This principle involves doing good for the patient. While the nursing assistant might have intended to benefit the client by encouraging exercise, it was done at the expense of the client's autonomy.
D. This principle involves avoiding harm to the patient. While the client was upset, there is no evidence of physical harm in this situation.
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