What guideline should an adult follow when speaking to a toddler?

Choice A rationale:

Parallel play is a stage of play commonly seen in toddlers and young children. During parallel play, children play alongside each other, engaging in similar activities, but they do not interact directly with one another. In this scenario, where the toddlers are playing with dolls side by side without interacting, it aligns with the characteristics of parallel play. This type of play is a normal developmental stage and helps children learn from each other and develop social skills.

Choice B rationale:

Solitary play refers to a type of play where a child plays alone without interacting with others. In this case, the children are not playing alone; they are playing alongside each other, making solitary play an incorrect choice.

Choice C rationale:

Cooperative play involves children playing together in a group with a common goal or activity, such as building a sandcastle together. In this scenario, the children are not collaborating on a common task; they are playing individually alongside each other. Therefore, cooperative play is not the correct choice.

Choice D rationale:

Associative play occurs when children play alongside each other and interact with one another but do not have a shared goal or activity. Since the children in this scenario are not interacting with each other, associative play is not the correct choice.

Choice A rationale:

Sending the child to his room for 30 minutes is not an appropriate intervention for dealing with occasional aggression in a 4-year-old child. A 30-minute timeout is excessively long for a young child and may not effectively address the behavior.

Choice B rationale:

Having the child take a time-out in the corner for 4 minutes is the most appropriate intervention. Time-outs are an effective method for addressing undesirable behaviors in children. Four minutes is an appropriate duration for a 4-year-old, and it allows the child to calm down and reflect on their behavior.

Choice C rationale:

Spanking the child at the time of the incident is not a recommended intervention for managing aggression in children. Physical punishment can be harmful and is generally discouraged in favor of more positive and effective disciplinary techniques.

Choice D rationale:

Taking away television privileges for the day may not be the most effective immediate response to occasional aggression in a 4-year-old. While consequences can be an appropriate part of discipline, they should be proportionate to the behavior, and it's often more effective to use a short-term time-out to address the immediate issue. For a lethargic 10-month-old infant, the best action is to handle the infant slowly and gently (Choice D). To support a toddler's desire to self-feed, it's advisable to offer foods that are varied and colorful and provide finger foods (Choices A and D). When dealing with occasional aggression in a 4-year-old child, the most appropriate intervention is to have the child take a time-out in the corner for 4 minutes (Choice B). .