What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

Exhibits atrophy of the calf muscles.

Has delayed fine-motor development.

Falls frequently and is clumsy.

Ambulates by holding onto furniture.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Muscle weakness and lack of coordination contribute to difficulties with balance and coordination, leading to frequent falls and clumsiness in children with DMD.

A. DMD typically presents with symptoms such as difficulty climbing stairs, a waddling gait, and calf muscle hypertrophy, rather than atrophy.

B. Delayed fine-motor development is not a typical manifestation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. DMD primarily affects muscle strength and function rather than fine motor skills.

D. Ambulating by holding onto furniture is not typical in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. As the disease progresses, children with DMD typically experience difficulty walking and may eventually require the use of assistive devices such as wheelchairs or orthoses for mobility.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. The narrowing of the aorta results in increased resistance to blood flow beyond the constriction, leading to decreased blood pressure in the lower body, including the legs. As a result, the blood pressure in the arms may be significantly higher than in the legs, creating a notable blood pressure gradient between the upper and lower extremities.

A. Pulmonary edema is not a typical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta involves a narrowing of the aortic arch, typically occurring after the branching of the vessels supplying the upper body.

C. Severe cyanosis is not typically associated with coarctation of the aorta. Cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to inadequate oxygenation of the blood, is more commonly seen in conditions affecting pulmonary circulation or oxygenation of the blood, such as congenital heart defects involving right-to-left shunting of blood.

D. A machine-like murmur is not a typical finding in coarctation of the aorta. The characteristic murmur associated with coarctation of the aorta is a systolic ejection murmur heard best over the back or left axilla.

A. "Put an ice pack on the ankle, alternating 20 minutes on with 20 minutes off." B. "Wrap the ankle in an Ace bandage for support." C. "Keep the leg elevated when sitting" D. "Apply warm compresses to the ankle for the first 24 hours."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Warm compresses or heat therapy are not recommended for the initial management of a sprained ankle, especially within the first 24 hours. Heat can increase blood flow and exacerbate swelling and inflammation, which may worsen pain and delay healing.

A. Applying ice packs in this manner helps reduce inflammation and swelling, which are common after a sprain. Alternating ice application with periods of rest allows for effective cooling without causing tissue damage.

B. Wrapping the ankle in an Ace bandage can provide compression and support, which may help reduce swelling and stabilize the joint during the healing process. However, it's important not to wrap the bandage too tightly, as this can impair circulation.

C. Elevating the leg when sitting helps reduce swelling by promoting venous return and preventing fluid accumulation in the injured area. Keeping the ankle elevated above the level of the heart whenever possible is recommended for optimal swelling reduction.

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What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is providing instructions about how to treat a sprained ankle. What statement by the mother does the nurse recognize as indicative of a need for additional teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a school-age child who has asthma. The nurse should identify which of the following findings?

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