The nurse is caring for a child recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The parents of the child ask the nurse about the disorder. The nurse bases the response to the parents on the understanding that cerebral palsy is best described by which statement?
Cerebral palsy is an infectious disease of the central nervous system.
Cerebral palsy is an inflammation of the brain as a result of a viral illness.
Cerebral palsy is a chronic disability characterized by a difficulty in controlling the muscles.
Cerebral palsy is a congenital condition that results in moderate to severe intellectual disability.
The Correct Answer is C
C. Cerebral palsy is a chronic condition that affects muscle control and movement. It is caused by damage to or abnormal development of the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. This damage can occur before, during, or shortly after birth, and it results in difficulties with muscle coordination, balance, and motor skills.
A. Cerebral palsy is not caused by an infectious agent; it is a non-progressive neurological disorder that affects movement, posture, and muscle coordination. It is primarily caused by abnormal development or damage to the brain before, during, or shortly after birth, rather than by an infectious disease.
B. Cerebral palsy is not caused by inflammation of the brain due to a viral illness. While viral illnesses can lead to complications, such as encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), cerebral palsy itself is not caused by inflammation but rather by neurological damage or abnormal development.
D. Cerebral palsy primarily affects movement and muscle control but it does not necessarily result in intellectual disability. Intellectual disability can occur in some cases of cerebral palsy, but it is not a defining characteristic of the condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Decreased cardiac output in heart failure can lead to poor perfusion of the extremities, resulting in cool skin and decreased urine output due to reduced renal perfusion and impaired kidney function.
D. Poor feeding is often observed due to increased respiratory effort, tachypnea, and fatigue associated with heart failure. Additionally, infants may exhibit failure to thrive or inadequate weight gain despite increased caloric intake due to metabolic demands and inefficient utilization of nutrients.
E. Tachypnea and respiratory distress occur due to pulmonary congestion and increased respiratory effort in response to heart failure. Infants may exhibit signs such as nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, and cyanosis.
B. Bradycardia and hypotension are not typical manifestations of heart failure in infants. Instead, infants with heart failure often present with tachycardia (rapid heart rate) as a compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output. Hypotension may occur in severe cases but is not a common finding.
C. Increased appetite and excessive weight gain are not typical manifestations of heart failure in infants. Infants with heart failure often experience poor feeding and failure to thrive due to inadequate cardiac output and oxygen delivery to meet metabolic demands.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (passive smoking) is a known risk factor for otitis media, as it can irritate the upper respiratory tract and increase susceptibility to respiratory infections, including those affecting the ears.
B. Excessive earwax buildup can sometimes contribute to ear discomfort or hearing problems but it is not a common cause of persistent otitis media. However, it's still important for the nurse to assess for any earwax issues as part of the overall assessment of the child's ear health.
C. Drinking water is generally beneficial for overall health but is not directly linked to otitis media unless there are specific concerns about hydration status or exposure to contaminated water sources.
D. Water entering the ears during bathing is not generally considered a significant risk factor for otitis media, but it can be associated with otitis externa, which is an infection of the outer ear canal.
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