A nurse is collecting data from a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Constipation

Depressed anterior fontanel

Presence of the rooting reflex

High-pitched cry

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. A high-pitched cry, often described as a "crying in pain" or "irritable cry," can be a characteristic sign of meningitis in infants. The cry may sound different from the infant's usual cry and may be associated with irritability, discomfort, or pain. It can be indicative of increased intracranial pressure and neurological irritation caused by the inflammation of the meninges.

A. Constipation is not typically associated with meningitis in infants. Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, which can cause symptoms such as fever, irritability, poor feeding, vomiting, and lethargy.

B. A depressed anterior fontanel (sunken soft spot on the baby's head) is not a typical manifestation of meningitis. Meningitis may cause signs of increased intracranial pressure, such as a bulging fontanel, rather than a depressed fontanel.

C. he presence of the rooting reflex is not specific to meningitis. The rooting reflex is a normal reflex present in infants, where they turn their head toward a stimulus (such as stroking the cheek or corner of the mouth) in search of nourishment (typically the breast or bottle).

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. An oxygen saturation level of 85% is significantly below the normal range and indicates hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels). This finding is concerning, especially in a child with cystic fibrosis, which can lead to respiratory complications such as airway obstruction, infection, or mucus plugging.

A. A blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL is within the normal range for children, so this finding would not typically require immediate reporting to the provider.

B. A serum sodium level of 156 mEq/L is significantly elevated and above the normal range. However, hypoxia is the priority.

C. A red blood cell (RBC) count of 3.2 million/µL falls within the normal range for children, so this finding would not typically require immediate reporting to the provider.

A. Improve muscle control and coordination. B. Eliminate the cause of the disease. C. Prevent the occurrence of emotional disturbances. D. Maximize the child's assets and minimize the limitations.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. The aim is to focus on the child's strengths and abilities while addressing limitations and challenges associated with the condition. This approach emphasizes maximizing the child's potential for development, independence, and participation in daily activities, education, and social interactions, while also providing support and resources to address any limitations or barriers they may encounter.

A. Another goal of treatment and care is to maximize the child's functional abilities by improving muscle control, coordination, and mobility through various therapies, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. However, this is not the primary goal.

B. Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition caused by damage to the developing brain, often occurring before birth. While efforts to prevent cerebral palsy are important, once the condition has developed, the focus shifts to managing symptoms and optimizing the child's functioning rather than eliminating the cause.

C. Emotional well-being is an important aspect of overall health for children with cerebral palsy but it is not typically the primary goal of care. Emotional disturbances may occur in some children with cerebral palsy due to various factors such as coping with the challenges of the condition, social interactions, or other comorbidities, but the primary focus of the care plan is usually on addressing physical and functional impairments.

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A nurse is collecting data from a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is D

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