A nurse is collecting data from a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Constipation

Depressed anterior fontanel

Presence of the rooting reflex

High-pitched cry

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. A high-pitched cry, often described as a "crying in pain" or "irritable cry," can be a characteristic sign of meningitis in infants. The cry may sound different from the infant's usual cry and may be associated with irritability, discomfort, or pain. It can be indicative of increased intracranial pressure and neurological irritation caused by the inflammation of the meninges.

A. Constipation is not typically associated with meningitis in infants. Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, which can cause symptoms such as fever, irritability, poor feeding, vomiting, and lethargy.

B. A depressed anterior fontanel (sunken soft spot on the baby's head) is not a typical manifestation of meningitis. Meningitis may cause signs of increased intracranial pressure, such as a bulging fontanel, rather than a depressed fontanel.

C. he presence of the rooting reflex is not specific to meningitis. The rooting reflex is a normal reflex present in infants, where they turn their head toward a stimulus (such as stroking the cheek or corner of the mouth) in search of nourishment (typically the breast or bottle).

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Pancreatic enzymes should not be mixed with acidic foods or liquids, as this can reduce their effectiveness. Instead, the enzymes should be sprinkled on soft, non-acidic foods or swallowed whole with a glass of water or juice.

A. Pancreatic enzymes are generally safe and well-tolerated when taken as prescribed but they can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and bloating.

B. Pancreatic enzymes help individuals with cystic fibrosis digest fat, as well as proteins and carbohydrates. In cystic fibrosis, the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes, leading to malabsorption of nutrients, particularly fat. Supplemental pancreatic enzymes help compensate for this deficiency and improve nutrient absorption.

C. Pancreatic enzymes are typically taken with meals or snacks to aid in digestion. However, if the child is consuming a small meal or snack that contains minimal fat, the enzymes may not be necessary. It's important for the mother to follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding when and how to administer the enzymes.

A. Nausea and vomiting B. Improved appetite C. Increased urine output D. Decreased heart rate

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Nausea and vomiting are potential adverse effects of digoxin in children. Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart conditions, but it can cause gastrointestinal disturbances as a side effect. Nausea and vomiting may occur, especially if the child is receiving too high a dose of digoxin or if they are particularly sensitive to the medication.

B. Improved appetite would not typically indicate an adverse effect of digoxin. In fact, digoxin is not known to have a direct effect on appetite. If a child experienced an increase in appetite while taking digoxin, it would likely be unrelated to the medication or could be due to other factors.

C. Increased urine output would not typically indicate an adverse effect of digoxin. Digoxin is not a diuretic medication, so it would not directly cause increased urine output.

D. Digoxin is not commonly associated with bradycardia in children.

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A nurse is collecting data from a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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