What assessment findings mark the prodromal stage of schizophrenia?
Stereotyped behavior, echopraxia, echolalia, and waxy flexibility.
Auditory hallucinations, ideas of reference, thought insertion, and broadcasting,
Loose associations, concrete thinking, and echolalia neologisms.
Withdrawal, misinterpreting, poor concentration, and preoccupation with religion.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Stereotyped behavior, echopraxia, echolalia, and waxy flexibility are characteristic of the catatonic stage of schizophrenia, not the prodromal stage.
B. Auditory hallucinations, ideas of reference, thought insertion, and broadcasting are positive symptoms that typically emerge during the active stage of schizophrenia.
C. Loose associations, concrete thinking, and neologisms also represent active-phase symptoms and are not typical in the prodromal stage.
D. The prodromal stage is marked by subtle changes in behavior and cognition, including social withdrawal, misinterpretation of events, poor concentration, and preoccupation with unusual thoughts or religion. These signs precede the onset of full-blown psychotic symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Delirium is usually acute and reversible, especially when caused by an underlying condition like a UTI.
B. Delirium in elderly patients is often secondary to an acute illness such as a urinary tract infection. Treatment of the underlying cause typically resolves the confusion, so this statement provides accurate and reassuring information to the family.
C. While the provider can give a formal prognosis, the nurse can provide evidence-based, general information about delirium recovery.
D. While supportive, this does not address the family’s question about recovery.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic with a lower risk of weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension compared with olanzapine or clozapine, making it suitable for a patient who is overweight and hypertensive. It effectively treats positive symptoms such as auditory hallucinations and may improve social functioning.
B. Olanzapine is effective for schizophrenia but is associated with significant weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and worsening hypertension, making it less appropriate for this patient.
C. Clozapine is reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia due to risks of agranulocytosis, myocarditis, and metabolic side effects; it is not first-line for this patient.
D. Ziprasidone has a lower risk of metabolic side effects than olanzapine or clozapine, but it carries a risk of QT prolongation, which may be concerning in hypertensive patients with potential cardiac risks.
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