The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with preparation of a client for fecal diversion surgery. While inserting an indwelling urinary catheter, the client asks if the surgical opening will be visible.

Which action should the PN implement?

Review the client's expectations of elimination after surgery.

Verify that the client had nothing by mouth (NPO) for the past 24 hours.

Ask the client if he finished the bowel sterilization prescription.

Determine if this is the first indwelling catheter the client has had.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This is the best action for the PN to implement because it addresses the client's question and provides an opportunity to educate the client about the fecal diversion surgery and its outcomes. The PN should review the type, location, and appearance of the surgical opening (stoma) and explain how it will aﬀect the client's elimination and body image.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice d. Powerful craving for more.

Rationale:

Cocaine withdrawal symptoms are primarily psychological and emotional, rather than physical. While some physical symptoms may occur, such as fatigue and muscle aches, the most prominent and concerning aspects of withdrawal are intense cravings for the drug.

Here's a breakdown of the other choices and why they are not as likely:

Choice a. Elevated energy level:Cocaine is a stimulant,so during withdrawal,a person is more likely to experiencedecreased energy and fatigue.
Choice b. High self-esteem:Cocaine use can initially boost self-esteem,but withdrawal often leads to feelings ofdepression, anxiety, and worthlessness.
Choice c. Euphoria:Euphoria is one of the main effects of cocaine use,but during withdrawal,the opposite occurs,with individuals experiencingdysphoria, a state of intense negative emotions.

Therefore, the intense craving for more cocaine is the most characteristic behavioral symptom exhibited during cocaine withdrawal. This craving is driven by the brain's adaptation to the drug's presence and the disruption of dopamine and other neurotransmitter systems caused by withdrawal.

Additional Notes:

The intensity of cocaine withdrawal symptoms can vary depending on several factors,including the severity and duration of cocaine use,individual differences in brain chemistry and genetics,and the presence of co-occurring mental health conditions.
Seeking professional help for cocaine withdrawal is crucial to manage cravings and other symptoms effectively and increase the chances of successful recovery.

A. Glaucoma. B. Macular edema. C. Cataract. D. Diabetic retinopathy.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve and cause vision loss. It is often associated with increased intraocular pressure, which can compress the nerve fibers and reduce blood ﬂow to the retina. The most common type of glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma, causes gradual loss of peripheral vision.

The other options are not correct because:

A. Macular edema is a condition that causes swelling and ﬂuid accumulation in the macula, the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp and detailed vision. It can cause blurred or distorted vision, but it does not aﬀect the optic nerve or the peripheral vision.

B. Cataract is a condition that causes clouding of the lens, which is the transparent structure that focuses light onto the retina. It can cause blurred, dim, or yellowed vision, but it does not aﬀect the optic nerve or the intraocular pressure.

C. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that damages the blood vessels in the retina and causes bleeding, leakage, or scarring. It can cause blurred, ﬂuctuating, or darkened vision, but it does not aﬀect the optic nerve or the intraocular pressure.

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The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with preparation of a client for fecal diversion surgery. While inserting an indwelling urinary catheter, the client asks if the surgical opening will be visible. Which action should the PN implement?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client whose urine drug screen is positive for cocaine. Which behavior is this client likely to exhibit during cocaine withdrawal?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing a client's recent ophthalmic screening test results. Findings of optic neuropathy, loss of peripheral vision, and increased intraocular pressure are consistent with which medical condition?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with preparation of a client for fecal diversion surgery. While inserting an indwelling urinary catheter, the client asks if the surgical opening will be visible.

Which action should the PN implement?