The patient with peripheral vascular disease such as Raynaud's disease should avoid what?
Wearing warm mitten gloves.
Wearing socks.
Exposure to cold temperatures.
Engaging in regular exercise.
The Correct Answer is C
Exposure to cold temperatures should be avoided by the patient with peripheral vascular disease such as Raynaud’s disease.
This is because cold temperatures can trigger vasospasm, which is a sudden narrowing of the small arteries in the fingers or toes, limiting blood flow and causing pain, numbness and color changes.
Choice A is wrong because wearing warm mitten gloves can help prevent or reduce the severity of Raynaud’s attacks by keeping the hands warm.
Choice B is wrong because wearing socks can also help protect the feet from cold exposure and prevent or reduce Raynaud’s attacks.
Choice D is wrong because engaging in regular exercise can improve blood circulation and reduce the frequency and duration of Raynaud’s attacks. However, exercise should be done with caution and proper clothing to avoid injury or frostbite to the affected areas.
Normal ranges for peripheral vascular disease are not applicable, as it is a condition that affects the blood vessels and not a specific blood test or measurement.
However, some tests that can help diagnose peripheral vascular disease or its underlying causes are blood pressure measurement, ankle-brachial index, Doppler ultrasound, angiography, blood tests for cholesterol, glucose, clotting factors and inflammatory markers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Taking a loop diuretic with supper is not advisable because it can cause nocturia, which is the need to urinate frequently at night. This can disrupt sleep and affect quality of life.Loop diuretics should be taken in the morning or early afternoon to avoid this problem.
Choice A is wrong because weighing oneself each day before breakfast is a good way to monitor fluid balance and detect any signs of fluid retention or dehydration.This can help adjust the dose of the loop diuretic as needed.
Choice B is wrong because contacting the healthcare provider if shortness of breath returns is a sensible precaution and indicates awareness of the symptoms of worsening heart failure.Shortness of breath is caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs, which loop diuretics help to prevent or reduce.
Choice C is wrong because having a banana with breakfast every morning is a good source of potassium, which can help prevent hypokalemia, a common side effect of loop diuretics.Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium in the urine, which can lead to low blood levels of potassium and cause muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, and increased sensitivity to digoxin.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Class IV antidysrhythmics or calcium channel blockers have the action ofdecreasing the flow of calcium ionsinto the cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells, thusdecreasing heart rate and contractions.
This leads to vasodilation and myocardial depression, which can help control arrhythmias, hypertension and angina.
Choice A is wrong because calcium channel blockers do not increase blood vessel spasm, but rather relax them by inhibiting the calcium influx that causes contraction.
Choice C is wrong because calcium channel blockers do not promote platelet aggregation, but rather inhibit it by interfering with the calcium-dependent binding of fibrinogen to platelets.
Choice D is wrong because calcium channel blockers do not enhance sympathetic nervous system activity, but rather counteract it by reducing the cardiac output and peripheral resistance.
Some normal ranges for reference are:
• Heart rate: 60-100 beats per minute
• Blood pressure: 120/80 mmHg
• Calcium: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
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