Which administration strategy can a patient implement to reduce flushing, the most common adverse effect of niacin therapy?

Take before starting daily activities.

Take with a sedative.

Take with grapefruit juice.

Take with an NSAID such as ibuprofen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Taking niacin with an NSAID such as ibuprofen can reduce flushing, the most common adverse effect of niacin therapy. Flushing is a side effect of taking large doses of niacin (vitamin B3) supplements. It happens when the niacin causes the small blood vessels in your skin to dilate so more blood can rush through. Flushing can cause skin redness, warmth, itching, tingling, or burning sensations.

Choice A is wrong because taking niacin before starting daily activities can increase the risk of flushing and interfere with your routine. Flushing usually occurs within 15 to 30 minutes of taking niacin and lasts for about an hour.

Choice B is wrong because taking niacin with a sedative can increase the risk of liver damage, especially if the sedative is acetaminophen (Tylenol). Niacin can also cause liver problems at high doses, so combining it with another liver-toxic drug is not advisable.

Choice C is wrong because taking niacin with grapefruit juice can increase the risk of side effects, such as low blood pressure, dizziness, or fainting. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of some drugs, including niacin, and make them more potent or toxic.

Normal ranges for niacin intake vary depending on age and gender. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for adult males is 16 mg per day and for adult females is 14 mg per day. Higher doses of niacin may be prescribed by a doctor to treat high cholesterol or other conditions, but they should be taken under medical supervision and with caution.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Taking a loop diuretic with supper is not advisable because it can cause nocturia, which is the need to urinate frequently at night. This can disrupt sleep and affect quality of life.Loop diuretics should be taken in the morning or early afternoon to avoid this problem.

Choice A is wrong because weighing oneself each day before breakfast is a good way to monitor fluid balance and detect any signs of fluid retention or dehydration.This can help adjust the dose of the loop diuretic as needed.

Choice B is wrong because contacting the healthcare provider if shortness of breath returns is a sensible precaution and indicates awareness of the symptoms of worsening heart failure.Shortness of breath is caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs, which loop diuretics help to prevent or reduce.

Choice C is wrong because having a banana with breakfast every morning is a good source of potassium, which can help prevent hypokalemia, a common side effect of loop diuretics.Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium in the urine, which can lead to low blood levels of potassium and cause muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, and increased sensitivity to digoxin.

A. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L. B. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL. C. Sodium 140 mEq/L. D. Magnesium 2.2 mg/dL.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is because low potassium levels (hypokalemia) increase the sensitivity of the heart to digoxin and can lead to toxicity even with normal serum digoxin levels. Digoxin inhibits the sodium-potassium pump on the cardiac cells, which causes potassium to accumulate outside the cells.Low potassium levels in the blood create a larger gradient for potassium to move out of the cells, which enhances the effect of digoxin and can cause arrhythmias.

Choice B is wrong because calcium 9.2 mg/dL is within the normal range (8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL) and does not increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.However, high calcium levels (hypercalcemia) can potentiate the effects of digoxin and cause toxicity.

Choice C is wrong because sodium 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135 to 145 mEq/L) and does not increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.However, high sodium levels (hypernatremia) can reduce the binding of digoxin to the sodium-potassium pump and decrease its efficacy.

Choice D is wrong because magnesium 2.2 mg/dL is within the normal range (1.7 to 2.4 mg/dL) and does not increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.However, low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia) can increase the sensitivity of the heart to digoxin and cause toxicity.

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Which administration strategy can a patient implement to reduce flushing, the most common adverse effect of niacin therapy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has been placed on a loop diuretic to reduce the fluid that has been accumulating in the lungs. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about the medication by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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