To decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients, which measure is recommended by health care professionals?
Increase LDL Cholesterol levels.
Increase HDL cholesterol levels.
Decrease LDL Cholesterol levels.
Decrease HDL cholesterol levels.
The Correct Answer is C
LDL cholesterol is sometimes called “bad” cholesterol because it can build up on the walls of the blood vessels and cause health problems, such as heart disease and stroke. High levels of LDL cholesterol raise your risk for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, decreasing LDL cholesterol levels can lower your risk and improve your health.
Choice A is wrong because increasing LDL cholesterol levels would have the opposite effect of decreasing them. It would increase your risk for cardiovascular disease and plaque buildup in your arteries.
Choice B is wrong because increasing HDL cholesterol levels is not enough to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. HDL cholesterol is sometimes called “good” cholesterol because it can move LDL cholesterol from the blood to the liver, where it is broken down and removed from the body.
However, HDL cholesterol levels alone are not a good indicator of your cardiovascular health. You also need to consider your total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Choice D is wrong because decreasing HDL cholesterol levels would also increase your risk for cardiovascular disease. HDL cholesterol helps to lower LDL cholesterol levels and protect your blood vessels from plaque buildup.
Therefore, decreasing HDL cholesterol levels would reduce this protective effect and make you more vulnerable to heart disease and stroke.
The ideal ranges for cholesterol levels are as follows:
• Total cholesterol: below 200 mg/dL
• LDL cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL
• HDL cholesterol: above 40 mg/dL for men and above 50 mg/dL for women
You can lower your LDL cholesterol levels and increase your HDL cholesterol levels by making healthy lifestyle changes, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, managing stress and taking medication if prescribed by your doctor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Diuretics are medicines that help the kidneys get rid of excess water and salt, which can ease the symptoms of heart failure, such as breathlessness and swelling.However, diuretics may also lower the blood pressure by reducing the blood volume and the cardiac output. This can cause symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, or fainting.Hypotension is defined as a systolic blood pressure lower than 90 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure lower than 60 mmHg.
Choice A is wrong because fluid retention is the opposite of what diuretics do. Diuretics increase the urine output and decrease the fluid accumulation in the body.
Choice C is wrong because hyperglycemia is not a common side effect of diuretics. Hyperglycemia is a condition where the blood sugar level is too high.Diuretics may affect the blood sugar level in some cases, but usually not significantly.
Choice D is wrong because diarrhea is not a typical side effect of diuretics.
Diarrhea is a condition where the stool is loose and watery.Diuretics may cause some gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea or cramps, but not diarrhea.
Normal ranges for blood pressure are 120/80 mmHg for systolic/diastolic in healthy adults, and 140/90 mmHg or higher for hypertension.Normal ranges for blood sugar are 70-100 mg/dL for fasting glucose, and less than 140 mg/dL for postprandial glucose.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Bile acid-binding resins are cholesterol-lowering agents that bind to bile acids in the intestine and prevent their reabsorption. This reduces the amount of bile acids available for cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which lowers the levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood. However, bile acids are also needed for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K.Therefore, patients taking bile acid-binding resins may require supplements of these vitamins to prevent deficiency.
Choice A is wrong because nicotinic acid, or niacin, is a B vitamin that can lower cholesterol by limiting the production of fats in the liver.It does not affect the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
Choice B is wrong because nitroglycerin is not a cholesterol-lowering agent, but a vasodilator that relaxes the blood vessels and improves blood flow.It has no effect on fat-soluble vitamin absorption.
Choice D is wrong because beta blockers are not cholesterol-lowering agents, but drugs that lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline.They have no effect on fat-soluble vitamin absorption.
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