To decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients, which measure is recommended by health care professionals?
Increase LDL Cholesterol levels.
Increase HDL cholesterol levels.
Decrease LDL Cholesterol levels.
Decrease HDL cholesterol levels.
The Correct Answer is C
LDL cholesterol is sometimes called “bad” cholesterol because it can build up on the walls of the blood vessels and cause health problems, such as heart disease and stroke. High levels of LDL cholesterol raise your risk for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, decreasing LDL cholesterol levels can lower your risk and improve your health.
Choice A is wrong because increasing LDL cholesterol levels would have the opposite effect of decreasing them. It would increase your risk for cardiovascular disease and plaque buildup in your arteries.
Choice B is wrong because increasing HDL cholesterol levels is not enough to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. HDL cholesterol is sometimes called “good” cholesterol because it can move LDL cholesterol from the blood to the liver, where it is broken down and removed from the body.
However, HDL cholesterol levels alone are not a good indicator of your cardiovascular health. You also need to consider your total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Choice D is wrong because decreasing HDL cholesterol levels would also increase your risk for cardiovascular disease. HDL cholesterol helps to lower LDL cholesterol levels and protect your blood vessels from plaque buildup.
Therefore, decreasing HDL cholesterol levels would reduce this protective effect and make you more vulnerable to heart disease and stroke.
The ideal ranges for cholesterol levels are as follows:
• Total cholesterol: below 200 mg/dL
• LDL cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL
• HDL cholesterol: above 40 mg/dL for men and above 50 mg/dL for women
You can lower your LDL cholesterol levels and increase your HDL cholesterol levels by making healthy lifestyle changes, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, managing stress and taking medication if prescribed by your doctor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally, accounting for 74% of all deaths. NCDs are chronic diseases that are not transmitted from person to person, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes.The main risk factors for NCDs are modifiable behaviours, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and the harmful use of alcohol.These behaviours can lead to metabolic risk factors, such as raised blood pressure, increased blood glucose, elevated blood lipids and obesity, which in turn increase the risk of developing NCDs. Therefore, lifestyle changes that reduce these risk factors can prevent or delay many NCDs and improve health outcomes.
Choice A is wrong because trauma is not a major contributing factor to many diseases.Trauma is an injury or damage to living tissue caused by an external force, such as accidents, violence or natural disasters.Trauma can result in acute or chronic conditions, such as infections, fractures, burns, bleeding or organ failure.
However, trauma is not a common cause of NCDs, which are the main burden of disease globally.
Choice C is wrong because congenital factors are not the greatest contributing factor to many diseases.Congenital factors are those that are present at birth, such as genetic disorders, birth defects or inherited diseases.Congenital factors can affect the development and function of various organs and systems in the body, leading to various health problems.
However, congenital factors are not the main cause of NCDs, which are largely influenced by environmental and behavioural factors.
Choice D is wrong because genetics is not the greatest contributing factor to many diseases.
Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited and expressed in living organisms.
Genetics can influence the susceptibility and resistance to various diseases, as well as the response to treatment and prevention strategies.
However, genetics is not the sole determinant of health and disease, as environmental and behavioural factors also play a significant role in modulating gene expression and function.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Urecholine is the brand name of bethanechol, a drug that belongs to the class of cholinergics, genitourinary.
Choice A is wrong because adrenergic drugs are those that activate the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the fight-or-flight response.Adrenergic drugs can cause relaxation of the bladder and urinary retention, not contraction and emptying.
Choice B is wrong because anticholinergic drugs are those that block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that mediates the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the rest-and-digest response.Anticholinergic drugs can also cause relaxation of the bladder and urinary retention, not contraction and emptying.
Choice D is wrong because adrenergic blockers are those that inhibit the action of adrenergic receptors, which are activated by adrenergic drugs or by the natural neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine.Adrenergic blockers can have various effects on the bladder depending on the type and location of the receptors they block, but they are not used to treat urinary retention.
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