The antagonistic agent to digoxin toxicity is what?

Alpha 1 adrenergic blocking agents have a vasodilating effect and can be used for the management of hypertension. They work by blocking the alpha 1 receptors on the vascular smooth muscle, which normally cause vasoconstriction when stimulated by catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine.By preventing this constriction, alpha 1 blockers lower the peripheral resistance and blood pressure

Choice A is wrong because alpha 3 adrenergic blockers do not exist.There are only two types of alpha receptors: alpha 1 and alpha 2

Choice B is wrong because alpha 2 adrenergic antagonists do not have a vasodilating effect.

They block the alpha 2 receptors, which are located presynaptically on the sympathetic nerve terminals and postsynaptically on some vascular smooth muscle cells.Alpha 2 receptors inhibit the release of norepinephrine when activated, so blocking them would increase the sympathetic activity and vasoconstriction

Choice C is wrong because alpha 1 adrenergic agonists do not have a vasodilating effect.

They stimulate the alpha 1 receptors, which cause vasoconstriction and increase the blood pressure.Alpha 1 agonists are used to treat hypotension and nasal congestion

Lisinopril belongs to the class of drugs calledangiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.ACE inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to narrow and raise blood pressure.By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors relax and widen the blood vessels, lower blood pressure, and improve blood flow to the heart and kidneys.

Choice B.Candesartan is wrong because it belongs to the class of drugs calledangiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).ARBs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II on its receptors, preventing it from causing blood vessel constriction and high blood pressure.ARBs are similar to ACE inhibitors in their effects, but they do not affect the enzyme or the level of bradykinin, a peptide that can cause cough and angioedema as side effects of ACE inhibitors.

Choice C.Metoprolol is wrong because it belongs to the class of drugs calledbeta blockers.Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline and other hormones that stimulate the heart and blood vessels, causing them to beat slower and with less force.Beta blockers lower blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart.

Choice D.Amlodipine is wrong because it belongs to the class of drugs calledcalcium channel blockers.Calcium channel blockers work by blocking the entry of calcium into the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels, causing them to relax and dilate.Calcium channel blockers lower blood pressure and improve blood flow to the heart.

Normal ranges for blood pressure vary depending on age, gender, and other factors, but generally, a systolic blood pressure (the top number) of less than 120 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) of less than 80 mmHg are considered normal for adults.A blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg or higher is considered high and may require treatment with medication.