A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks.

Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.

"I should quit smoking to improve blood flow.".

"I need to avoid prolonged sitting or standing.".

"I should take my pentoxifylline with meals.".

"I need to limit my physical activity to avoid worsening symptoms.".

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Pentoxifylline is a medication that improves blood flow and oxygen delivery to the tissues in patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), a condition that causes narrowing of the arteries in the legs. Pentoxifylline can help reduce the symptoms of intermittent claudication, which is cramping pain in the legs that occurs with walking and improves with rest.

Choice A is correct because smoking is a major risk factor for PVD and quitting smoking can improve blood flow and prevent further damage to the arteries.

Choice B is correct because prolonged sitting or standing can reduce blood flow to the legs and worsen symptoms of PVD.

Patients should avoid crossing their legs, wearing tight clothing, or exposing their legs to cold temperatures. They should also elevate their legs when resting and move them frequently.

Choice C is wrong because pentoxifylline should be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals, to increase its absorption and effectiveness.

Choice D is wrong because physical activity is beneficial for patients with PVD and intermittent claudication.

Exercise can improve blood circulation, increase muscle strength, reduce pain, and lower cardiovascular risk factors. Patients should be encouraged to walk regularly, as tolerated, and follow a supervised exercise program if available.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Antidigoxin is an antidote for digoxin toxicity that binds and inactivates digoxin, a cardiac glycoside that can cause life-threatening arrhythmias, hyperkalemia, and other symptoms when overdosed.Antidigoxin is also known as digoxin immune Fab or DIGIFab.

Choice A, protamine sulfate, is wrong because it is an antidote for heparin, an anticoagulant that can cause bleeding when overdosed.

Choice B, acetylcysteine, is wrong because it is an antidote for acetaminophen, a painkiller that can cause liver damage when overdosed.

Choice D, activated charcoal, is wrong because it is a nonspecific adsorbent that can reduce the absorption of some drugs or poisons from the gastrointestinal tract, but it is not effective for digoxin toxicity.

A. They are a part of the initial diuretic therapy. B. They decrease the risk of hypokalemia while still excreting sodium. C. Little follow up is needed after the initial treatment. D. They increase the risk of hypokalemia.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Diuretics are drugs that increase the amount of urine and salt (sodium) excreted by the kidneys. They are used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and edema (fluid retention). However, some diuretics can cause low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia), which can lead to muscle weakness, cramps, and arrhythmias. To prevent this, a combination of diuretics acting on different parts of the kidney (such as a loop diuretic and a thiazide diuretic) may be prescribed.This way, the potassium-sparing effect of one diuretic can balance the potassium-wasting effect of the other, while still achieving a net sodium loss.

Choice A is wrong because they are not a part of the initial diuretic therapy.Combination diuretic therapy is usually reserved for patients who are resistant to or intolerant of monotherapy.

Choice C is wrong because little follow up is not needed after the initial treatment.Patients on combination diuretic therapy require close monitoring of their blood pressure, electrolytes, renal function, and weight to avoid adverse effects such as dehydration, hyponatremia, hypotension, and worsening renal function.

Choice D is wrong because they do not increase the risk of hypokalemia.As explained above, combination diuretic therapy aims to reduce the risk of hypokalemia by using a potassium-sparing diuretic along with a potassium-wasting diuretic.

Normal ranges for serum potassium are 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L and for serum sodium are 135 to 145 mmol/L.

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A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks. Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The antagonistic agent to digoxin toxicity is what?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse understands that a common reason why a patient is prescribed a combination of diuretics is because?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When administering sublingual nitroglycerin for emergency treatment of angina or chest pain, the nurse monitors for which common adverse effect?

A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks. Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.

In which condition is leg pain produced upon increased activity and ischemia to tissues, but then the pain is reduced with rest?

For peripheral venous disease, the nurse will teach the patient to do what in order to promote blood circulation?

Which drug class should not be used when a patient is taking nitrates?

The main class of drug for the treatment and management of Angina attack is what?

Which of the following anti-lipidemic drugs are the most potent antilipidemic agents and have proven to lower the risk of Myocardial Infarction?

Class IV antidysrhythmics or calcium channel blockers have what action on the cardiovascular system?

A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks.

Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.