Anu is reinforcing teaching with a client who is starting simvastatin.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Change position slowly when rising from a chair.
Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables.
Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid.
Take this medication in the evening.
The Correct Answer is D
Simvastatin is a type of drug called a statin, which lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Statins work by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver, and the liver produces more cholesterol at night. Therefore, taking simvastatin in the evening can increase its effectiveness.
Choice A is wrong because changing position slowly when rising from a chair is not related to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who have low blood pressure or take medications that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics or beta blockers.
Choice B is wrong because maintaining a steady intake of green leafy vegetables is not specific to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who take anticoagulants, such as warfarin, because green leafy vegetables contain vitamin K, which can affect the blood clotting process.
Choice C is wrong because consuming no more than 1 L/day of fluid is not related to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who have fluid retention or heart failure, because excess fluid can put strain on the heart and lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
PT stands for prothrombin time, which is a measure of how long it takes the blood to clot. INR stands for international normalized ratio, which is a standardized way of reporting the PT result. Warfarin is a blood thinner that works by slowing down the clotting process.Therefore, people who take warfarin need to have their PT/INR monitored regularly to make sure they are getting the right dose and not bleeding too much or too little.
Choice A is wrong because PTT stands for partial thromboplastin time, which is another measure of blood clotting that is not affected by warfarin.PTT is used to monitor heparin, another type of blood thinner.
Choice C is wrong because CBC stands for complete blood count, which is a test that measures the number and types of cells in the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.CBC can show if there is anemia, infection or bleeding, but it does not measure the effect of warfarin on clotting.
Choice D is wrong because LFTs stand for liver function tests, which are a group of tests that check how well the liver is working.
LFTs can show if there is liver damage or disease, which can affect how warfarin is metabolized and cleared from the body.However, LFTs do not directly measure the effect of warfarin on clotting.
The normal range for PT/INR varies depending on the laboratory and the reason for taking warfarin.
Generally, the normal range for PT is 10 to 13 seconds, and the normal range for INR is 1.1 or below for healthy people.For people taking warfarin, the target INR range depends on their condition and risk factors, but it is usually between 2.0 and 3.0.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Hypokalemia is a condition of low potassium levels in the blood, which can be caused by diuretics such as furosemide (Lasix) that increase the excretion of potassium in the urine. Potassium is an important electrolyte that helps regulate the function of nerves and muscles, including the heart.Low potassium levels can cause symptoms such as confusion, tremors, muscle cramps, and nausea, which are consistent with the patient’s presentation.
Choice B, renal failure, is wrong because furosemide is used to treat fluid retention and edema caused by kidney disease, not to cause it.Renal failure would also cause symptoms such as decreased urine output, swelling, fatigue, and shortness of breath, which are not mentioned in the question.
Choice C, hyperkalemia, is wrong because hyperkalemia is a condition of high potassium levels in the blood, which can be caused by kidney disease or certain medications that decrease the excretion of potassium in the urine.Hyperkalemia can cause symptoms such as weakness, irregular heartbeat, paralysis, and chest pain, which are different from the patient’s symptoms.
Choice D, heart failure, is wrong because furosemide is also used to treat fluid retention and edema caused by heart failure, not to cause it.Heart failure would also cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, fatigue, and rapid weight gain, which are not mentioned in the question.
Normal ranges for potassium levels in the blood are 3.5 to 5.0 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) for adults and 3.4 to 4.7 mEq/L for children.
A level below 3.5 mEq/L is considered hypokalemic and a level above 5.0 mEq/L is considered hyperkalemic.
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