Anu is reinforcing teaching with a client who is starting simvastatin.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Change position slowly when rising from a chair.
Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables.
Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid.
Take this medication in the evening.
The Correct Answer is D
Simvastatin is a type of drug called a statin, which lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Statins work by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver, and the liver produces more cholesterol at night. Therefore, taking simvastatin in the evening can increase its effectiveness.
Choice A is wrong because changing position slowly when rising from a chair is not related to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who have low blood pressure or take medications that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics or beta blockers.
Choice B is wrong because maintaining a steady intake of green leafy vegetables is not specific to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who take anticoagulants, such as warfarin, because green leafy vegetables contain vitamin K, which can affect the blood clotting process.
Choice C is wrong because consuming no more than 1 L/day of fluid is not related to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who have fluid retention or heart failure, because excess fluid can put strain on the heart and lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Nitroglycerin is a medication that dilates the blood vessels and improves blood flow to the heart. It is used to treat angina, a condition that causes chest pain due to reduced oxygen supply to the heart. However, nitroglycerin can lose its effectiveness over time if it is used continuously. This is called tolerance, and it means that the patient will need higher doses of the medication to achieve the same relief. To avoid tolerance, patients who use transdermal nitroglycerin patches are instructed to remove the patch at bedtime and apply a new one in the morning. This creates a nitrate-free interval of about 8 to 12 hours, which allows the body to restore its sensitivity to nitroglycerin.
Choice A is wrong because an allergic response is not a common side effect of nitroglycerin. Some patients may experience skin irritation or rash at the site of application, but this is usually mild and does not require discontinuation of the medication.
Choice C is wrong because overdosage is unlikely with transdermal nitroglycerin patches. The patches deliver a controlled amount of nitroglycerin through the skin over a period of time. The risk of overdosage is higher with other forms of nitroglycerin, such as tablets or sprays, which are taken as needed for acute angina attacks.
Choice D is wrong because forgetting to remove the patch in the morning is not a serious problem. The patch will continue to deliver nitroglycerin until it is removed, but it will not cause harm to the patient. However, it may reduce the effectiveness of the next patch if there is no nitrate-free interval between them.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Dry mouth is a common adverse effect of anticholinergic agents used to treat overactive bladder syndrome (OAB).Anticholinergic agents prevent involuntary contractions of the bladder detrusor muscle by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates the muscle.However, anticholinergics are not tissue specific, and they also affect other parts of the body where acetylcholine is involved, such as the salivary glands, the gastrointestinal tract, and the eyes.
Choice B is wrong because restlessness is not a typical side effect of anticholinergic agents.In fact, anticholinergics can cause sedation and drowsiness in some people.
Choice C is wrong because increased salivation is the opposite of what anticholinergics do.Anticholinergics reduce the secretion of saliva, causing dry mouth.
Choice D is wrong because diarrhea is also the opposite of what anticholinergics do.Anticholinergics slow down the movement of the gastrointestinal tract, causing constipation.
Some other possible adverse effects of anticholinergic agents include blurred vision, urinary retention, confusion, memory impairment, and increased risk of dementia and mortality.
Therefore, these drugs should be used with caution and under medical supervision.
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