A patient has been placed on a loop diuretic to reduce the fluid that has been accumulating in the lungs.
Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about the medication by the nurse?

“I weigh myself each day before breakfast.”.

“If my shortness of breath returns, I’ll contact my healthcare provider.”.

“I’ll have a banana with my breakfast every morning.”.

“I’ll be sure to take my medication with supper.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Taking a loop diuretic with supper is not advisable because it can cause nocturia, which is the need to urinate frequently at night. This can disrupt sleep and affect quality of life. Loop diuretics should be taken in the morning or early afternoon to avoid this problem.

Choice A is wrong because weighing oneself each day before breakfast is a good way to monitor fluid balance and detect any signs of fluid retention or dehydration. This can help adjust the dose of the loop diuretic as needed.

Choice B is wrong because contacting the healthcare provider if shortness of breath returns is a sensible precaution and indicates awareness of the symptoms of worsening heart failure. Shortness of breath is caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs, which loop diuretics help to prevent or reduce.

Choice C is wrong because having a banana with breakfast every morning is a good source of potassium, which can help prevent hypokalemia, a common side effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium in the urine, which can lead to low blood levels of potassium and cause muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, and increased sensitivity to digoxin.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is because enoxaparin is administered subcutaneously, which means under the skin, and the needle should be inserted fully into the skin to ensure proper delivery of the drug.

Choice A is wrong because aspirating (pulling back on the plunger) after inserting the needle is not recommended for subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin, as it may increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.

Choice B is wrong because administering the injection in the client’s thigh is not the preferred site for enoxaparin.The preferred site is the abdomen, at least 2 inches away from the navel, as it has more fatty tissue and less blood vessels than other areas.

Choice D is wrong because expelling the air bubble from the prefilled syringe is not necessary for enoxaparin.The air bubble helps to ensure that the entire dose of enoxaparin is injected and prevents blood from entering the syringe.

Normal ranges for enoxaparin dosage depend on the indication and the patient’s weight, but for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis after hip arthroplasty, the usual dose is 40 mg once a day for 3 weeks.

The prefilled syringe of enoxaparin 40 mg/0.4 ml contains the correct dose for this indication.

A. Nausea. B. Bradycardia. C. Hypertension. D. Headache.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Nitroglycerin sublingual is a medication that is used to treat chest pain or angina by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the oxygen demand of the heart.A common side effect of nitroglycerin sublingual is headache, which may be severe and throbbing.Headache is often a sign that the medication is working.Other possible side effects include flushing, dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting, fast heart rate, numbness, tingling, burning pain, rash, hives, sweating, pale skin, difficulty breathing and allergic reaction.

Choice A is wrong because nausea is not the most common adverse effect of nitroglycerin sublingual.Nausea may occur in some people, but it is usually mild and transient.

Choice B is wrong because bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a common adverse effect of nitroglycerin sublingual.Nitroglycerin sublingual may cause tachycardia (fast heart rate) in some people as a result of vasodilation and reflex stimulation of the heart.

Choice C is wrong because hypertension (high blood pressure) is not a common adverse effect of nitroglycerin sublingual.Nitroglycerin sublingual may cause hypotension (low blood pressure) in some people due to its vasodilating action.Hypotension may lead to lightheadedness, fainting or shock in severe cases.

The normal range for blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg for adults.

The normal range for heart rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute for adults.

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A patient has been placed on a loop diuretic to reduce the fluid that has been accumulating in the lungs. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about the medication by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer subcutaneous enoxaparin 40 mg using a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin 40 mg/0.4 ml to an adult client following hip arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

When administering sublingual nitroglycerin for emergency treatment of angina or chest pain, the nurse monitors for which common adverse effect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

To decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients, which measure is recommended by health care professionals?

A client has been prescribed an alpha-adrenergic, terazosin for their benign prostatic hypertrophy. The nurse plans to include which of the following in the client teaching?

The use of diuretics in the treatment of heart failure may lead to what condition?

Up to one-third of patients who take ACE inhibitors for hypertension report which symptom after beginning therapy?

The prescriber orders furosemide 80 mg for a patient who has been retaining extra fluid after surgery. The nurse notes the following: BP of 142/88 (lying) and 108/60 (sitting); daily weight of 154 lb, a 1-lb drop from day before; serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse do?

If the patient PTT lab level is too long and greater than 80 seconds, the nurse should notify the doctor. Which doctor’s order should the nurse anticipate?

The nurse is preparing a patient’s daily dose of digoxin (Lanoxin), an inotropic drug. The adult patient has an apical pulse of 48/min. What should the nurse do next?

A patient with peripheral vascular disease has been on pentoxifylline (Trental) for 2 weeks. Which statements by the patient indicate no need for further patient teaching about the disease? Select all that apply.

A patient has been placed on a loop diuretic to reduce the fluid that has been accumulating in the lungs.
Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about the medication by the nurse?