Patients taking which cholesterol-lowering agent may require supplements of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K?

Nicotinic acid.

Nitroglycerin.

Bile acid-binding resins.

Beta Blockers.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Bile acid-binding resins are cholesterol-lowering agents that bind to bile acids in the intestine and prevent their reabsorption. This reduces the amount of bile acids available for cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which lowers the levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood. However, bile acids are also needed for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Therefore, patients taking bile acid-binding resins may require supplements of these vitamins to prevent deficiency.

Choice A is wrong because nicotinic acid, or niacin, is a B vitamin that can lower cholesterol by limiting the production of fats in the liver. It does not affect the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

Choice B is wrong because nitroglycerin is not a cholesterol-lowering agent, but a vasodilator that relaxes the blood vessels and improves blood flow. It has no effect on fat-soluble vitamin absorption.

Choice D is wrong because beta blockers are not cholesterol-lowering agents, but drugs that lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline. They have no effect on fat-soluble vitamin absorption.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

PT stands for prothrombin time, which is a measure of how long it takes the blood to clot. INR stands for international normalized ratio, which is a standardized way of reporting the PT result. Warfarin is a blood thinner that works by slowing down the clotting process.Therefore, people who take warfarin need to have their PT/INR monitored regularly to make sure they are getting the right dose and not bleeding too much or too little.

Choice A is wrong because PTT stands for partial thromboplastin time, which is another measure of blood clotting that is not affected by warfarin.PTT is used to monitor heparin, another type of blood thinner.

Choice C is wrong because CBC stands for complete blood count, which is a test that measures the number and types of cells in the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.CBC can show if there is anemia, infection or bleeding, but it does not measure the effect of warfarin on clotting.

Choice D is wrong because LFTs stand for liver function tests, which are a group of tests that check how well the liver is working.

LFTs can show if there is liver damage or disease, which can affect how warfarin is metabolized and cleared from the body.However, LFTs do not directly measure the effect of warfarin on clotting.

The normal range for PT/INR varies depending on the laboratory and the reason for taking warfarin.

Generally, the normal range for PT is 10 to 13 seconds, and the normal range for INR is 1.1 or below for healthy people.For people taking warfarin, the target INR range depends on their condition and risk factors, but it is usually between 2.0 and 3.0.

A. Apply a new patch every 48hr. B. Cut each patch in half if angina attacks are under control. C. Take off the nitroglycerin patch for 30 min if a headache occurs. D. Remove the patch each evening.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is because nitroglycerin patches can cause tolerance if they are used continuously, which reduces their effectiveness in preventing angina attacks. Removing the patch each evening allows the body to restore its sensitivity to the drug.

Choice A is wrong because nitroglycerin patches should be applied every 24 hours, not every 48 hours.

Applying a new patch every 48 hours would result in inadequate blood levels of the drug and increased risk of angina.

Choice B is wrong because nitroglycerin patches should not be cut in half or altered in any way.

Cutting the patch would compromise the integrity of the drug delivery system and could lead to unpredictable or excessive doses of the drug.

Choice C is wrong because nitroglycerin patches should not be taken off for 30 minutes if a headache occurs.

Headache is a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilating action, but it usually subsides with continued use.

Taking off the patch for 30 minutes could increase the risk of angina by interrupting the steady blood levels of the drug.

The nurse should advise the client to take an analgesic such as acetaminophen for headache relief.

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Patients taking which cholesterol-lowering agent may require supplements of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which laboratory test measures the effectiveness of warfarin?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patch for angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Patients taking which cholesterol-lowering agent may require supplements of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K?

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Which of the following anti-lipidemic drugs are the most potent antilipidemic agents, and have proven to lower the risk of Myocardial Infarction?

When administering sublingual nitroglycerin for emergency treatment of angina or chest pain, the nurse monitors for which common adverse effect?

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