A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is starting simvastatin.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Change position slowly when rising from a chair.
Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables.
Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid.
Report any muscle pain or weakness to the healthcare provider.
The Correct Answer is D
Report any muscle pain or weakness to the healthcare provider. This is because simvastatin This is because simvastatin can cause a rare but serious side effect of muscle damage (rhabdomyolysis), which can lead to kidney failure. Muscle pain or weakness can be signs of muscle breakdown and kidney damage, and should be reported to the healthcare provider as soon as possible.
Choice A is wrong because changing position slowly when rising from a chair is not related to simvastatin. This is a precaution for people who take medications that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics or beta blockers, to prevent dizziness or fainting.
Choice B is wrong because maintaining a steady intake of green leafy vegetables is not specific to simvastatin. This is a general dietary recommendation for people who take anticoagulants, such as warfarin, to prevent bleeding complications.
Choice C is wrong because consuming no more than 1 L/day of fluid is not advised for people who take simvastatin. This is a restriction for people who have heart failure or kidney disease, to prevent fluid overload. People who take simvastatin should drink enough fluids to stay hydrated and avoid dehydration, which can increase the risk of kidney damage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This is because digoxin can cause bradycardia (slow heart rate) as a side effect, which can be dangerous and require dose adjustment or discontinuation of the medication.Digoxin helps make the heart beat stronger and with a more regular rhythm by inhibiting sodium-potassium ATPase in cardiac cells.It is used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
Choice A is wrong because increasing sodium intake can worsen fluid retention and exacerbate heart failure symptoms.Patients with heart failure should follow a low-sodium diet to reduce the workload on the heart.
Choice B is wrong because checking pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiplying result by 2 is not accurate enough to monitor the effects of digoxin.
Patients taking digoxin should check their pulse rate for one full minute before taking each dose and record it daily.If the pulse rate is too fast or too slow, they should contact their provider.
Choice C is wrong because taking digoxin with food may reduce its absorption and effectiveness.Digoxin should be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after a meal.If nausea occurs, it may be a sign of digoxin toxicity and should be reported to the provider.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
These are all modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease, meaning they can be changed through lifestyle choices or medication.Cholesterol level, blood pressure, weight, and smoking all affect the health of the heart and blood vessels, and can increase the risk of developing conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart attack, or stroke.
Choice C, family history, is not a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
It is a non-modifiable risk factor, meaning it cannot be changed and is determined by genetics.
Having a family history of cardiovascular disease can increase the risk of developing it, but it does not mean that it is inevitable.Other non-modifiable risk factors include sex, older age, race and ethnicity.
Some normal ranges for the modifiable risk factors are:
• Cholesterol level: total cholesterol should be less than 200 mg/dL; LDL cholesterol should be less than 100 mg/dL; HDL cholesterol should be more than 40 mg/dL for men and more than 50 mg/dL for women; triglycerides should be less than 150 mg/dL.
• Blood pressure: normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg; elevated blood pressure is 120-129/less than 80 mmHg; hypertension stage 1 is 130-139/80-89 mmHg; hypertension stage 2 is 140 or higher/90 or higher mmHg.
• Weight: body mass index (BMI) is a measure of weight relative to height; normal BMI is 18.5-24.9 kg/m2; overweight BMI is 25-29.9 kg/m2; obese BMI is 30 or higher kg/m2.
• Smoking: smoking any amount of tobacco products can harm the cardiovascular system; quitting smoking can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and improve overall health.
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