Match the following drug classification with the appropriate drug,
Calcium channel blockers:.
Beta Blocker:.
Platelet inhibitors:.
Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBS):.
ACE inhibitor:.
The Correct Answer is D
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are a class of drugs that block the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict and raise blood pressure. Examples of ARBs include losartan, valsartan, candesartan, and irbesartan. ARBs are used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Choice A is wrong because calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are a class of drugs that prevent calcium from entering the cells of the heart and blood vessels, causing them to relax and lower blood pressure.
Examples of CCBs include amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil, and nifedipine. CCBs are used to treat hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias.
Choice B is wrong because beta blockers are a class of drugs that reduce the heart rate and force of contraction, lowering the cardiac output and blood pressure.
Examples of beta blockers include atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, and bisoprolol. Beta blockers are used to treat hypertension, angina, heart failure, and arrhythmias.
Choice C is wrong because platelet inhibitors are a class of drugs that prevent platelets from clumping together and forming blood clots.
Examples of platelet inhibitors include aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and prasugrel. Platelet inhibitors are used to prevent or treat cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke.
Choice E is wrong because ACE inhibitors are a class of drugs that inhibit the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing the production of this vasoconstrictor hormone.
Examples of ACE inhibitors include lisinopril, enalapril, ramipril, and captopril. ACE inhibitors are used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because potassium sparing diuretics do not lower potassium levels in the blood, unlike some other types of diuretics. Potassium is an important electrolyte that helps regulate nerve and muscle functions, especially the heart. Low potassium levels can cause irregular heartbeats and other problems.Therefore, people who take diuretics should avoid foods that are high in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, and potatoes, unless they are taking potassium sparing diuretics.
Choice A is wrong because thiazide diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, can cause low potassium levels in the blood and increase the risk of arrhythmias.
People who take thiazide diuretics may need to take potassium supplements or eat more potassium-rich foods.
Choice B is wrong because osmotic diuretics, such as mannitol, do not affect potassium levels in the blood.
They work by increasing the amount of water in the urine, but do not alter the electrolyte balance.
Osmotic diuretics are mainly used to treat brain swelling or glaucoma.
Choice D is wrong because loop diuretics, such as lasix, can also cause low potassium levels in the blood and increase the risk of arrhythmias.
People who take loop diuretics may also need to take potassium supplements or eat more potassium-rich foods.
Normal ranges for potassium in the blood are 3.5 to 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Atorvastatin is a type ofstatin, which are the most potent antilipidemic agents, and have proven to lower the risk of myocardial infarction by reducing the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.Statins also slightly increase the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is beneficial for cardiovascular health.
Choice B, niacin, is a type ofnicotinic acid, which can lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and increase HDL cholesterol, but it is less effective than statins and has more side effects, such as flushing, itching, and liver toxicity.
Choice C, gemfibrozil, is a type offibric acid derivative, which can lower triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol, but have little effect on LDL cholesterol.They are mainly used for patients with high triglyceride levels or low HDL cholesterol levels.
Choice D, amlodipine, is not an antilipidemic agent at all.It is a type ofcalcium channel blocker, which is used to treat hypertension and angina by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the workload of the heart.
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