The nurse prepares a list of home care instructions for the parents of a child who has a plaster cast applied to the left forearm. Which instructions would be included on the list? Select all that apply.

Elevate the extremity on pillows for the first 24 to 48 hours after casting to prevent swelling.

Place a heating pad on the lower end of the cast and over the fingers if the fingers feel cold.

Keep small toys and sharp objects away from the cast.

Use a padded ruler or another padded object to scratch the skin under the cast if it itches.

Use the fingertips to lift the cast while it is drying

Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) If the child complains of numbness or tingling in the extremity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,F

A. Elevate the extremity on pillows for the first 24 to 48 hours after casting to prevent swelling.
Explanation: Elevating the extremity can help reduce swelling, especially in the initial period after casting.
B. Place a heating pad on the lower end of the cast and over the fingers if the fingers feel cold.
Explanation: Applying heat can increase the risk of burns and is not recommended. If the fingers feel cold, it may indicate a circulation issue, and the healthcare provider should be contacted.
C. Keep small toys and sharp objects away from the cast.
Explanation: Keeping small toys and sharp objects away from the cast is important to prevent injury or damage to the cast.
D. Use a padded ruler or another padded object to scratch the skin under the cast if it itches.
Explanation: Inserting objects under the cast can lead to complications, including skin damage or infection. It is advisable not to insert anything into the cast.
E. Use the fingertips to lift the cast while it is drying.
Explanation: Lifting or manipulating the cast during the drying process can compromise its integrity and should be avoided. The cast needs to dry completely to provide proper support and immobilization.
F. Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) if the child complains of numbness or tingling in the extremity.
Explanation: Numbness or tingling can indicate a circulation problem, and it is important to contact the healthcare provider for further assessment.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The child is too young to receive antibiotics: This statement doesn't address the actual reason for not prescribing antibiotics for croup, which is primarily due to its viral nature.
B. "Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present."
Explanation:
Viral laryngotracheobronchitis, commonly known as croup, is typically caused by a viral infection, most commonly by the parainfluenza virus. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses. Therefore, unless a bacterial infection is also present, prescribing antibiotics is not necessary or beneficial in treating croup.
C. The child may be allergic to antibiotics: While antibiotic allergies are a consideration, it doesn't explain why antibiotics are not prescribed for viral illnesses like croup.
D. The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and does not need antibiotics: Maternal antibodies can offer some protection against infections, but the primary reason for not using antibiotics in viral infections like croup is because antibiotics are ineffective against viruses.

A. Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine B. Pneumococcal polysacchande vaccine C. Influenza vaccine D. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Explanation: Meningococcal vaccine is recommended for adolescents, particularly before starting college, as it helps protect against meningococcal disease. The conjugate form of the vaccine is usually preferred over the polysaccharide form.
B. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Explanation: Pneumococcal vaccine is generally recommended for older adults and individuals with specific medical conditions, but it may not be part of routine immunizations for healthy adolescents.
C. Influenza vaccine
Explanation:
Influenza vaccine is recommended annually for adolescents as part of routine immunizations. It helps protect against the seasonal flu, which can cause significant illness and complications.
D. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine
Explanation: BCG vaccine is primarily used in some countries to prevent tuberculosis. It is not routinely administered in the United States as part of standard immunization schedules for adolescents.

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The nurse prepares a list of home care instructions for the parents of a child who has a plaster cast applied to the left forearm. Which instructions would be included on the list? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The parent of a hospitalized 2-year-old child with viral laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) asks the nurse why the pediatrician did not prescribe antibiotics. Which response would the nurse make?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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