A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease (Hyperthyroidism). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Heat intolerance
Weight gain
Bradycardia
Lethargy
The Correct Answer is A
A) Heat intolerance.
Explanation: This statement is true. Heat intolerance is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism, including Graves' disease. People with hyperthyroidism often have an overactive thyroid gland that produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones. This can lead to an increased metabolic rate, which in turn makes them sensitive to heat. They may feel excessively warm, sweat more than usual, and have difficulty tolerating hot weather.
B) Weight gain.
Explanation: This statement is false. Weight gain is not a typical finding in Graves' disease or hyperthyroidism. In fact, one of the hallmark symptoms of hyperthyroidism is unexplained weight loss despite increased appetite. The elevated levels of thyroid hormones cause an increase in metabolism, leading to weight loss.
C) Bradycardia.
Explanation: This statement is false. Bradycardia refers to an abnormally slow heart rate, typically below 60 beats per minute. In hyperthyroidism, the heart rate is often elevated rather than slowed down. The excessive thyroid hormones can lead to an increased heart rate (tachycardia) and palpitations. It's important to note that if the question were about hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), bradycardia might be more relevant.
D) Lethargy.
Explanation: This statement is false. Lethargy, or a state of extreme tiredness and lack of energy, is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) rather than hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism usually leads to symptoms of increased energy, restlessness, and hyperactivity due to the elevated metabolic rate caused by excess thyroid hormones.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Spina bifida.
Explanation: Correct Choice. Spina bifida is a neural tube defect (NTD) that occurs during early fetal development when the neural tube doesn't close completely. It can result in various degrees of spinal cord and nerve damage. This is a suitable example to include when teaching about neural tube defects.
B. Hydrocephalus.
Explanation: Hydrocephalus is not a neural tube defect itself. It's a condition characterized by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure. It can be caused by various factors, but it's not directly related to neural tube development.
C. Cerebral palsy.
Explanation: Cerebral palsy is a group of motor disorders caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before birth. It is not a neural tube defect. Instead, it's related to brain injury or abnormal development.
D. Muscular dystrophy.
Explanation: Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. It's not related to neural tube defects. Muscular dystrophy affects muscle tissue, while neural tube defects involve improper development of the neural tube.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Smokey brown urine:
This finding is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. Smokey brown urine might indicate the presence of blood in the urine, which can be seen in conditions such as hematuria or certain kidney infections.
B) Polyuria:
Polyuria refers to excessive urination and is not a primary characteristic of nephrotic syndrome. However, children with nephrotic syndrome may have decreased urine output due to the loss of fluid and proteins through the damaged kidney filters.
C) Facial edema:
Facial edema (swelling of the face) is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome. The loss of albumin in the urine results in a decrease in oncotic pressure (a force that helps keep fluid in the blood vessels), leading to fluid accumulation in the interstitial spaces, including the face, ankles, and abdomen.
D) Hypertension:
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is not a typical finding of nephrotic syndrome itself. However, it's possible for kidney damage to lead to secondary hypertension. In nephrotic syndrome, low levels of albumin can trigger the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which can contribute to increased blood pressure.
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