A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease (Hyperthyroidism). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Heat intolerance

Weight gain

Bradycardia

Lethargy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Heat intolerance.

Explanation: This statement is true. Heat intolerance is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism, including Graves' disease. People with hyperthyroidism often have an overactive thyroid gland that produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones. This can lead to an increased metabolic rate, which in turn makes them sensitive to heat. They may feel excessively warm, sweat more than usual, and have difficulty tolerating hot weather.

B) Weight gain.

Explanation: This statement is false. Weight gain is not a typical finding in Graves' disease or hyperthyroidism. In fact, one of the hallmark symptoms of hyperthyroidism is unexplained weight loss despite increased appetite. The elevated levels of thyroid hormones cause an increase in metabolism, leading to weight loss.

C) Bradycardia.

Explanation: This statement is false. Bradycardia refers to an abnormally slow heart rate, typically below 60 beats per minute. In hyperthyroidism, the heart rate is often elevated rather than slowed down. The excessive thyroid hormones can lead to an increased heart rate (tachycardia) and palpitations. It's important to note that if the question were about hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), bradycardia might be more relevant.

D) Lethargy.

Explanation: This statement is false. Lethargy, or a state of extreme tiredness and lack of energy, is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) rather than hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism usually leads to symptoms of increased energy, restlessness, and hyperactivity due to the elevated metabolic rate caused by excess thyroid hormones.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Spina bifida.

Explanation: Correct Choice. Spina bifida is a neural tube defect (NTD) that occurs during early fetal development when the neural tube doesn't close completely. It can result in various degrees of spinal cord and nerve damage. This is a suitable example to include when teaching about neural tube defects.

B. Hydrocephalus.

Explanation: Hydrocephalus is not a neural tube defect itself. It's a condition characterized by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure. It can be caused by various factors, but it's not directly related to neural tube development.

C. Cerebral palsy.

Explanation: Cerebral palsy is a group of motor disorders caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before birth. It is not a neural tube defect. Instead, it's related to brain injury or abnormal development.

D. Muscular dystrophy.

Explanation: Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. It's not related to neural tube defects. Muscular dystrophy affects muscle tissue, while neural tube defects involve improper development of the neural tube.

A. Maintain a saline-lock. B. Check the child's day weight C. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet. D. Educate the parents about potential complications

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Maintain a saline-lock:

Maintaining a saline lock is important for potential intravenous access, but it is not the most urgent priority compared to actions that directly monitor the child's condition and help manage the disease.

B. Check the child's daily weight:

Monitoring daily weight is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis, as it helps assess fluid balance and detect early signs of fluid retention or worsening kidney function, which are key concerns in this condition. This makes it a priority action.

C. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet:

While dietary modifications can be important for managing various health conditions, including kidney issues, this is not the top priority in this situation. Reducing salt intake can help manage fluid retention, but it is not the nurse's priority action at this moment.

D. Educate the parents about potential complications:

Patient education is crucial, especially in chronic conditions, but in this acute care scenario, the nurse's immediate priority is to address the child's needs. Educating parents about potential complications should be done, but it's not the most immediate action.

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A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease (Hyperthyroidism). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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