On assessment, the school nurse notes that the child has a rash. The nurse suspects that the child has erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). because the skin assessment revealed a rash that has which characteristics?
A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk
A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk
An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face appearance
A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk
The Correct Answer is C
A. A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk
Explanation: This description does not fit the typical characteristics of erythema infectiosum. Fifth disease is not typically associated with a highly pruritic rash.
B. A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk
Explanation: While erythema infectiosum does involve a rash that can spread to the trunk, the distinctive "slapped face" appearance is a key characteristic that is not captured in this option.
C. An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face" appearance.
Explanation:
Erythema infectiosum, commonly known as fifth disease or slapped cheek syndrome, is characterized by a distinctive facial rash that gives the appearance of a "slapped face." The rash typically starts on the face and then spreads to the trunk and extremities. It often begins with erythema on the cheeks, giving the child a flushed or slapped appearance, followed by a discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk.
D. A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk
Explanation: This description fits the typical characteristics of the rash seen in erythema infectiosum, but the key identifier is the "slapped face" appearance on the face.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cracked lips:
Incorrect: While red, cracked lips are part of the mucous membrane changes seen in Kawasaki disease, they are not specific to the acute stage. Mucous membrane changes can occur in both the acute and subacute stages.
B. Desquamation of the skin:
Incorrect: Desquamation, or peeling of the skin, is more characteristic of the subacute or convalescent stages of Kawasaki disease, particularly on the fingers and toes.
C. Normal appearance:
Incorrect: In the acute stage, the child with Kawasaki disease typically exhibits signs of illness, including fever and other clinical manifestations. A "normal appearance" would not be expected in the acute stage.
D. Conjunctival hyperemia.
Explanation: Conjunctival hyperemia, or redness of the eyes, is a common clinical manifestation of the acute stage of Kawasaki disease. Other typical signs and symptoms during this stage include fever, mucous membrane changes (such as red, cracked lips), changes in the extremities, rash, and cervical lymphadenopathy.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A.Reduce exposure to environmental organisms.
Explanation: Minimizing the child's exposure to environmental organisms helps reduce the risk of infections. This includes practices such as maintaining a clean environment and promoting good hygiene.
B. Maintain the child in a semiprivate room.
Explanation: The type of room (semiprivate or private) may not be directly related to infection control. However, maintaining a clean and controlled environment is important.
C.Use strict aseptic technique for all procedures.
Explanation: Strict aseptic technique is crucial to prevent the introduction of pathogens during procedures. This involves maintaining a sterile field and using appropriate infection control measures during medical interventions.
D.Ensure that anyone entering the child's room wears a mask.
Explanation: Wearing a mask helps prevent the spread of respiratory infections, which can be particularly risky for immunocompromised children. It is a measure to protect the child from potential airborne pathogens.
E. Apply firm pressure to a needlestick area for at least 10 minutes.
Explanation: Applying firm pressure to a needlestick area is relevant in the context of preventing bleeding or hematoma formation but is not directly related to infection control.
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