The registered nurse is discussing care of an infant diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a nursing student. The registered nurse determines that the nursing student needs further teaching regarding a PDA when the student states that which circulatory change is a characteristic of this disorder?

A. Varicella (VARI): Correct
Explanation: The varicella vaccine protects against chickenpox. The CDC recommends that children receive the first dose of the varicella vaccine at age 1.
B. Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP): Correct
Explanation: The DTaP vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. The first dose is typically given at 2 months, with subsequent doses given at 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years of age.
C. Human papillomavirus (HPV4): Incorrect
Explanation: The HPV vaccine is not typically administered at age 1. It is usually recommended for adolescents, starting around age 11 or 12. The HPV vaccine is given in a series of doses.
D. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR): Correct
Explanation: The MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. The first dose is usually given at age 1, with a second dose recommended at 4-6 years of age.
E. Rotavirus (RV): Incorrect
The rotavirus vaccine is usually given in a series of doses starting at 2 months of age, with the last dose administered by 8 months. It is not a vaccine that is typically given at age 1.

A. "All recently used clothing, bedding, and towels must be washed in hot water."
Incorrect: While washing recently used clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water can help in controlling lice, this statement alone doesn't ensure complete eradication of lice or nits.
B. "My child must be free from nits before returning to school."
Correct Answer: This statement shows an understanding that children should be free from nits (lice eggs) before returning to school. Many schools have "no-nit" policies, requiring that children be free from both live lice and nits before re-entry.
C. "Toys that can't be dry cleaned or washed must be thrown out."
Incorrect: It's not necessary to throw out toys that cannot be cleaned. Lice cannot survive off the scalp for more than a day or two. Items that cannot be washed can be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks to ensure any potential lice or nits die off.
D. "We will treat all the family members to be on the safe side."
Incorrect: Treating all family members is a common but not strictly necessary practice unless others show symptoms or evidence of head lice. It's recommended to focus treatment on those with live lice or nits.