The registered nurse is discussing care of an infant diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a nursing student. The registered nurse determines that the nursing student needs further teaching regarding a PDA when the student states that which circulatory change is a characteristic of this disorder?
This shunting allows oxygenated and unoxygenated blood to mix.
Blood is shunted to the right side of the heart.
This shunting results in increased pulmonary blood flow.
Blood is shunted to the left side of the heart.
The Correct Answer is D
A. "This shunting allows oxygenated and unoxygenated blood to mix."
Explanation: This statement is correct. In PDA, the shunting of blood between the aorta and pulmonary artery allows oxygenated and unoxygenated blood to mix, leading to decreased oxygen saturation in the systemic circulation.
B. "Blood is shunted to the right side of the heart."
Explanation: This statement is correct. In PDA, blood is shunted from the left side of the heart (aorta) to the right side of the heart (pulmonary artery).
C. "This shunting results in increased pulmonary blood flow."
Explanation: This statement is correct. PDA leads to increased pulmonary blood flow as a result of the shunting of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary artery.
D. "Blood is shunted to the left side of the heart."
Explanation:
A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect where the ductus arteriosus, a fetal blood vessel that normally closes shortly after birth, remains open. In PDA, blood is shunted from the aorta (left side of the heart) to the pulmonary artery (right side of the heart), resulting in increased pulmonary blood flow. Therefore, the correct statement is that "Blood is shunted to the right side of the heart."
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk
Explanation: This description does not fit the typical characteristics of erythema infectiosum. Fifth disease is not typically associated with a highly pruritic rash.
B. A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk
Explanation: While erythema infectiosum does involve a rash that can spread to the trunk, the distinctive "slapped face" appearance is a key characteristic that is not captured in this option.
C. An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face" appearance.
Explanation:
Erythema infectiosum, commonly known as fifth disease or slapped cheek syndrome, is characterized by a distinctive facial rash that gives the appearance of a "slapped face." The rash typically starts on the face and then spreads to the trunk and extremities. It often begins with erythema on the cheeks, giving the child a flushed or slapped appearance, followed by a discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk.
D. A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk
Explanation: This description fits the typical characteristics of the rash seen in erythema infectiosum, but the key identifier is the "slapped face" appearance on the face.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","F"]
Explanation
A.Move furniture away from the child.
Explanation: Creating a safe environment is important during a seizure. Moving furniture away from the child helps prevent injury.
B.Place the child in a prone position.
Explanation: Placing the child in a prone position (face down) is not recommended. The child should be placed on their side to allow for drainage of oral secretions and to prevent aspiration.
C. Restrain the child.
Explanation: Restraint is generally not recommended during a seizure, as it may cause injury to the child or the person providing care. Allow the seizure to run its course, and focus on keeping the environment safe.
D.Time the seizure.
Explanation: Timing the duration of the seizure is important for medical evaluation and management. Note the start and end times of the seizure.
E. Insert a padded tongue blade in the child's mouth.
Explanation: Inserting any object, including a padded tongue blade, into the child's mouth during a seizure is not recommended. This can lead to oral and dental injuries. Maintaining a clear airway and protecting the child from injury are priorities.
F. Stay with the child.
Explanation: Staying with the child provides support and ensures the child's safety during the seizure. It also allows the caregiver to observe and provide information to healthcare professionals.
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