The nurse caring for a child diagnosed with rubeola (measles) notes that the pediatrician has documented the presence of Koplik's spots. On the basis of this documentation, which observation is expected?

whitish vesicles located across the chest

Small blue-white spots with a red base found on the buccal mucosa

Pinpoint petechiae noted on both legs

Petechiae spots that are reddish and pinpoint on the soft palate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Whitish vesicles located across the chest:
Incorrect: This description does not match the characteristic appearance or location of Koplik's spots in measles.
B. Small blue-white spots with a red base found on the buccal mucosa:
Correct Answer: Koplik's spots are small, blue-white spots with a red base that typically appear on the buccal mucosa (inner lining of the cheeks). These spots are characteristic of measles and are considered a diagnostic feature.
C. Pinpoint petechiae noted on both legs:
Incorrect: Petechiae are small, reddish-purple spots that result from bleeding under the skin. They are not characteristic of Koplik's spots in measles.
D. Petechiae spots that are reddish and pinpoint on the soft palate:
Incorrect: While petechiae can occur in various conditions, they are not characteristic of Koplik's spots in measles. Koplik's spots specifically manifest as small blue-white spots on the buccal mucosa.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Bottle-feed with diluted fruit juice:
Incorrect: Diluted fruit juice is not recommended for infants with diarrhea. Fruit juices, even when diluted, may contain sugars that can exacerbate diarrhea. It's important to focus on water or rehydration solutions.
B. Discontinue breast-feeding until the diarrhea resolves:
Incorrect: Breast milk is an essential source of nutrition for infants, and discontinuing breastfeeding is not recommended, even during episodes of mild diarrhea. Breast milk helps maintain hydration and provides essential nutrients.
C. Provide an increased intake of water.
Correct Answer: Maintaining hydration is crucial during episodes of diarrhea. Offering the infant increased water intake helps prevent dehydration. Rehydration solutions specifically designed for infants can also be recommended.
D. Avoid all solid foods:
Incorrect: While avoiding certain solid foods may be recommended in some cases, it's not necessary to completely avoid all solid foods for a 12-month-old with mild diarrhea. The emphasis should be on maintaining hydration and offering easily digestible foods.

A. Elevate the extremity on pillows for the first 24 to 48 hours after casting to prevent swelling. B. Place a heating pad on the lower end of the cast and over the fingers if the fingers feel cold. C. Keep small toys and sharp objects away from the cast. D. Use a padded ruler or another padded object to scratch the skin under the cast if it itches. E. Use the fingertips to lift the cast while it is drying F. Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) If the child complains of numbness or tingling in the extremity

Correct Answer is ["A","C","F"]

Explanation

A. Elevate the extremity on pillows for the first 24 to 48 hours after casting to prevent swelling.
Explanation: Elevating the extremity can help reduce swelling, especially in the initial period after casting.
B. Place a heating pad on the lower end of the cast and over the fingers if the fingers feel cold.
Explanation: Applying heat can increase the risk of burns and is not recommended. If the fingers feel cold, it may indicate a circulation issue, and the healthcare provider should be contacted.
C. Keep small toys and sharp objects away from the cast.
Explanation: Keeping small toys and sharp objects away from the cast is important to prevent injury or damage to the cast.
D. Use a padded ruler or another padded object to scratch the skin under the cast if it itches.
Explanation: Inserting objects under the cast can lead to complications, including skin damage or infection. It is advisable not to insert anything into the cast.
E. Use the fingertips to lift the cast while it is drying.
Explanation: Lifting or manipulating the cast during the drying process can compromise its integrity and should be avoided. The cast needs to dry completely to provide proper support and immobilization.
F. Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) if the child complains of numbness or tingling in the extremity.
Explanation: Numbness or tingling can indicate a circulation problem, and it is important to contact the healthcare provider for further assessment.

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The nurse caring for a child diagnosed with rubeola (measles) notes that the pediatrician has documented the presence of Koplik's spots. On the basis of this documentation, which observation is expected?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing home-care instructions to a mother of a 12-month-old infant with mild diarrhea. Which would the nurse instruct the mother to do?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse prepares a list of home care instructions for the parents of a child who has a plaster cast applied to the left forearm. Which instructions would be included on the list? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","F"]

Explanation

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