The nurse observes some children in the playroom. Which play situation exhibits the characteristics of parallel play?
Kimberly and Amanda share clay to each make things.
Brian playing with his truck next to Kristina playing with her truck.
Adam playing a board game with Kyle, Steven, and Erich.
Danielle playing with a music box on her mother's lap.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Kimberly and Amanda sharing clay to each make things represents cooperative play, not parallel play. Cooperative play involves interaction and collaboration between children, whereas parallel play involves children playing side by side without interacting.
Choice B rationale:
Brian playing with his truck next to Kristina playing with her truck demonstrates parallel play. In parallel play, children play independently but alongside others, showing interest in what others are doing but without direct interaction.
Choice C rationale:
Adam playing a board game with Kyle, Steven, and Erich represents cooperative play, not parallel play. Cooperative play involves shared activities and collaboration, while parallel play involves independent activities in proximity to others.
Choice D rationale:
Danielle playing with a music box on her mother's lap is an example of solitary play, where a child plays alone without regard to others. Solitary play is common in younger children and is different from parallel play.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Pulmonary stenosis is characterized by a systolic ejection murmur best heard at the upper left sternal border. It does not typically produce a continuous machinery-like murmur. Pulmonary stenosis results from narrowing at the pulmonary valve, obstructing blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
Choice B rationale:
A continuous machinery-like murmur is characteristic of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). PDA is a congenital heart defect where the ductus arteriosus, a fetal blood vessel that should close after birth, remains open, allowing continuous blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery. This murmur is often best heard in the left infraclavicular region.
Choice C rationale:
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) typically produces a harsh holosystolic murmur heard best at the lower left sternal border. VSD is a hole in the septum separating the ventricles, allowing blood to flow from the higher-pressure left ventricle to the lower-pressure right ventricle.
Choice D rationale:
Coarctation of the aorta causes a murmur due to increased blood flow across the aortic valve. However, this murmur is not continuous and is usually systolic and best heard in the back over the left scapula.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Signs of stress can indeed manifest in various ways, including stomach pains and changes in behavior. However, in this scenario, the child's symptoms of stomach pains, aggression, and stubbornness might indicate a physical problem causing emotional stress. It's essential to consider other possibilities before attributing the symptoms solely to stress.
Choice B rationale:
Developmental delay could be a potential cause of behavioral issues in a child, but it doesn't explain the stomach pains. Moreover, a developmental delay would typically have been identified earlier in the child's life through regular screenings and assessments.
Choice C rationale:
A physical problem causing emotional stress, such as an undiagnosed medical condition, can lead to both stomach pains and behavioral changes. Considering this possibility is crucial in this situation. It's essential to conduct a thorough physical examination and medical evaluation to rule out any underlying health issues.
Choice D rationale:
Lack of adjustment to the school environment could contribute to behavioral problems in a child. However, it's essential to first investigate the physical symptoms, like stomach pains, before solely attributing the behavior to school adjustment issues. Physical health should be thoroughly assessed to rule out any medical causes for the symptoms.
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