If exhibited by a pregnant woman, what represents a positive sign of pregnancy?
Morning sickness.
Quickening.
Positive pregnancy test.
Fetal heartbeat auscultated with Doppler/fetoscope.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Morning sickness, which refers to nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, is a common symptom but not a definitive sign of pregnancy. It can also be caused by various other factors such as food poisoning or gastrointestinal issues. Therefore, it is not a positive sign of pregnancy.
Choice B rationale:
Quickening, which refers to the first fetal movements felt by the mother, is a subjective sign of pregnancy. It is not a definitive indication of pregnancy as it can be mistaken for other abdominal sensations. Quickening usually occurs between 18 to 22 weeks of gestation, making it a later sign and not an early positive sign of pregnancy.
Choice C rationale:
A positive pregnancy test, specifically a blood or urine test detecting human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), is a reliable indicator of pregnancy. However, it is a biochemical sign and not a physical sign. It does not directly confirm the presence of the fetus or its well-being, making it less specific than auscultating the fetal heartbeat.
Choice D rationale:
Fetal heartbeat auscultated with Doppler/fetoscope is a positive sign of pregnancy. The healthcare provider can hear the fetal heartbeat using a Doppler ultrasound device or fetoscope, confirming the presence of a viable pregnancy. This sign is considered positive because it directly indicates the presence of a developing fetus, providing reassurance about the pregnancy status. Fetal heartbeat can usually be detected around 10 to 12 weeks of gestation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Magnesium sulfate is not given to improve patellar reflexes and increase respiratory efficiency (Choice A). It is primarily used to prevent and treat seizures (convulsions) in patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Choice B rationale:
Magnesium sulfate does not shorten the duration of labor (Choice B). Its use is not related to the progression of labor but rather to prevent and control seizures in the context of preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Choice C rationale:
Preventing and treating convulsions (Choice C) is the main indication for administering magnesium sulfate in cases of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. Magnesium sulfate acts as a central nervous system depressant, reducing the risk of seizures in these patients.
Choice D rationale:
Preventing a boggy uterus and lessening lochial flow (Choice D) are unrelated to the use of magnesium sulfate. These concerns are typically managed through uterine massage and other postpartum care measures, not magnesium sulfate administration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Abdominal respirations do not directly predispose toddlers to frequent infections such as otitis media, tonsillitis, and upper respiratory tract infections. Abdominal respirations are a normal breathing pattern in toddlers, transitioning from the diaphragmatic breathing seen in infants. This change is due to the toddler's increased chest wall compliance and stronger intercostal muscles, facilitating more efficient breathing.
Choice B rationale:
Slower pulse and respiratory rates in toddlers compared to infants are part of normal physiological development. Toddler's heart rates range from 70 to 110 beats per minute, and respiratory rates range from 20 to 30 breaths per minute. These rates are considered normal for toddlers and do not predispose them to frequent infections.
Choice C rationale:
Toddlers do have less efficient defense mechanisms than infants, making them more susceptible to infections. This is due to the immature immune system in toddlers, which is still developing and learning to respond to various pathogens. However, this choice is not the most important factor predisposing toddlers to frequent infections; other factors play a more significant role.
Choice D rationale:
The presence of short, straight internal ear/throat structures and large tonsil/adenoid lymph tissue in toddlers is the most important factor predisposing them to frequent infections such as otitis media, tonsillitis, and upper respiratory tract infections. These anatomical features make it easier for bacteria and viruses to enter and infect the respiratory and ear passages, leading to recurrent infections.
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