During the preconception phase, the nurse should teach about which infectious diseases as risk factors for maternal complications? (Select all that apply).

The correct answer is choiceD. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration.

Choice A rationale:

Giving tepid water baths to reduce fever is not the most effective intervention for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated temperature. While tepid baths can help lower body temperature, they are not as effective as antipyretic medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen.Additionally, frequent fluid intake is more critical to prevent dehydration, which is a common concern in infants with fever.

Choice B rationale:

Encouraging food intake to maintain caloric needs is important, but it is not the primary concern in this scenario. Infants with upper respiratory infections often have reduced appetites due to congestion and discomfort.Ensuring adequate fluid intake is more crucial to prevent dehydration, which can occur quickly in infants.

Choice C rationale:

Having the child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling is not recommended. Overdressing can actually increase body temperature and discomfort.It is better to dress the infant in lightweight clothing and use a light blanket if needed to keep them comfortable while allowing their body to regulate temperature more effectively.

Choice D rationale:

Giving small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration is the most appropriate intervention. Infants with upper respiratory infections and fever are at risk of dehydration due to increased fluid loss from fever and reduced fluid intake.Offering small, frequent amounts of fluids helps maintain hydration and can also soothe the throat and reduce discomfort.

E.

Choice A rationale:

Administer antibiotics. Rationale: Antibiotics are not indicated for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis, which is caused by a viral infection. RSV is a common cause of bronchiolitis in infants, and antibiotics do not treat viral infections. Using antibiotics in this situation would not be appropriate and can contribute to antibiotic resistance.

Choice B rationale:

Administer cough syrup. Rationale: Cough syrups are generally not recommended for infants and young children due to the risk of overdosing and potential adverse effects. Additionally, RSV bronchiolitis primarily requires supportive care and management of respiratory symptoms, which may include oxygen therapy in severe cases.

Choice C rationale:

Encourage infant to drink 8 ounces of formula every 4 hours. Rationale: Maintaining hydration is essential in the management of RSV bronchiolitis. However, the specific volume and frequency of formula intake may vary based on the infant's age, weight, and overall condition. It is important to assess the infant's tolerance and adjust the feeding schedule accordingly. Encouraging frequent, smaller feeds might be more appropriate for some infants to prevent overfeeding and vomiting.

Choice D rationale:

Institute cluster care to encourage adequate rest. Rationale: Cluster care, a nursing intervention involving grouping activities to minimize disturbances and promote longer periods of rest, is beneficial for infants with RSV bronchiolitis. Adequate rest helps conserve the infant's energy, facilitating the recovery process. This intervention supports the infant's overall well-being and aids in coping with respiratory distress.

Choice E rationale:

Place on noninvasive oxygen monitoring. Rationale: Infants with severe RSV bronchiolitis may experience respiratory distress and hypoxia, necessitating oxygen therapy. Noninvasive oxygen monitoring methods, such as pulse oximetry, allow healthcare providers to assess oxygen saturation levels without invasive procedures. Oxygen therapy can improve oxygenation and alleviate respiratory distress, supporting the infant's respiratory function and overall recovery.