An 8-year-old girl tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for "being bad." She shares her concern that, if she dies, she will go to hell. How should the nurse interpret this belief?
The statement suggests a failed attempt to develop a conscience.
It is a belief that forms the basis for most religions.
The belief is suggestive of excessive family pressure.
It is a belief common at this age.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is choice D. It is a belief common at this age.
Choice A rationale:
The statement does not suggest a failed attempt to develop a conscience. The scenario described is more related to the cognitive development of an 8-year-old child. Children at this age often have magical thinking and may interpret events, such as illness, as punishments for perceived wrongdoing. This is a normal aspect of their cognitive development rather than a reflection of a failed attempt to develop a conscience.
Choice B rationale:
While beliefs about punishment and consequences are present in many religions, the scenario is not about a general religious belief but rather a specific belief held by the individual child. This belief is reflective of the child's cognitive understanding and not necessarily a religious teaching common to most religions.
Choice C rationale:
The belief is not necessarily suggestive of excessive family pressure. While family dynamics can influence a child's beliefs and behaviors, the scenario describes a typical cognitive developmental stage where children are still learning to differentiate between reality and their own thoughts, leading to magical thinking and unique interpretations.
Choice D rationale:
The belief is indeed common at this age. During middle childhood, children often exhibit concrete operational thinking, which includes a tendency to interpret events in a self-centered and concrete manner. Beliefs like the one described in the scenario, where the child connects her illness to perceived bad behavior and potential consequences, are characteristic of this developmental stage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice A.Choice A rationale:Vomiting is a common sign of digoxin toxicity. It occurs due to the drug's effects on the gastrointestinal system, which can lead to nausea and vomiting as the body attempts to expel the toxin. This symptom is particularly significant as it can indicate elevated digoxin levels that may require medical intervention.Choice B rationale:Tachycardia, or an increased heart rate, can occur with digoxin toxicity; however, it is more commonly associated with inadequate therapeutic levels rather than toxicity itself. Digoxin usually causes bradycardia (a slower heart rate) when at therapeutic levels, making tachycardia less indicative of toxicity.Choice C rationale:Bradypnea, or slow breathing, is not a typical sign of digoxin toxicity. While respiratory issues can arise from various conditions, they are not specifically linked to digoxin levels. Monitoring respiratory rate is essential in clinical settings but does not directly correlate with digoxin toxicity.Choice D rationale:Seizures are not a common sign of digoxin toxicity. While severe cases might lead to neurological symptoms due to electrolyte imbalances or other complications, seizures are not typically associated with digoxin overdose. Instead, they may suggest other underlying issues requiring evaluation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Dyspnea.
Choice A rationale:
Orthopnea. Orthopnea refers to difficulty in breathing that occurs when lying flat. It is not the term used to describe labored breathing, which is the main concern in this question.
Choice B rationale:
Hypopnea. Hypopnea is a term used to describe shallow or slow breathing, usually during sleep. It is not the term used to describe the labored breathing mentioned in the question.
Choice C rationale:
Dyspnea. This is the correct term to describe labored breathing, which is characterized by a subjective sensation of discomfort or difficulty in breathing. In this context, the nurse is charting that the hospitalized child has labored breathing, indicating the need for further assessment and intervention to address this breathing difficulty.
Choice D rationale:
Tachypnea. Tachypnea refers to abnormally fast breathing. While it is a concern, especially in the context of a hospitalized child, it does not specifically describe labored breathing, which is the main focus of this question.
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