The nurse is reviewing a client's medical record with a documented Snellen exam of 20/50, uncorrected.
Patient could read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty.
Based on this information, the client has:

Myopia.

Normal vision.

Presbyopia.

Hyperopia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Myopia, or nearsightedness, is when distant objects appear blurry because light rays focus in front of the retina. A Snellen exam result of 20/50 means the client can see at 20 feet what someone with normal vision sees at 50 feet, indicating reduced distance vision. However, this condition does not correlate with the ability to read the Rosenbaum chart, which is for near vision, thus excluding myopia.

Choice B rationale

Normal vision is not indicated by a Snellen exam result of 20/50, as this signifies a visual impairment where the client sees at 20 feet what a person with normal vision sees at 50 feet. Normal vision would be indicated by 20/20 on the Snellen exam.

Choice C rationale

Presbyopia is the age-related loss of the eye's ability to focus on near objects, typically noticeable in people over 40. Although this condition involves difficulty reading at close range, the client's uncorrected Snellen exam result of 20/50 pertains to distance vision, which differentiates presbyopia from the given scenario.

Choice D rationale

Hyperopia, or farsightedness, is when close objects appear blurry because light rays focus behind the retina. The client's ability to read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty indicates good near vision, while the Snellen exam result of 20/50 reflects reduced distance vision, thus supporting the diagnosis of hyperopia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The optic nerve (CN II) is responsible for vision. It transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. Dysfunction in this nerve typically results in visual disturbances such as loss of vision, visual field defects, or difficulty in distinguishing colors. It does not control the movement or strength of the tongue.

Choice B rationale

The abducens nerve (CN VI) innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, which is responsible for abducting the eye (moving it outward). Dysfunction in this nerve can lead to strabismus (misalignment of the eyes), double vision, or inability to move the eye outward. It does not affect tongue movement or strength.

Choice C rationale

The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) innervates the muscles of the tongue, controlling its movement and strength. Dysfunction in this nerve can result in difficulty protruding the tongue, poor strength against resistance, and impaired speech or swallowing. Therefore, the symptoms described in the question indicate a dysfunction of the hypoglossal nerve.

Choice D rationale

The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) is responsible for hearing and balance. It transmits sound and equilibrium information from the inner ear to the brain. Dysfunction in this nerve can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, or balance problems. It does not control tongue movement or strength.

A. Cover/Uncover test. B. Testing peripheral vision. C. Snellen chart test. D. Weber test.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The Cover/Uncover test is used to assess the presence of strabismus or eye muscle weakness. During this test, one eye is covered while the other eye is observed for movement. The uncovered eye is then observed when the cover is removed. If there is a misalignment or weakness, the uncovered eye will move to re-establish focus, indicating a problem with eye muscle control.

Choice B rationale

Testing peripheral vision involves assessing the range of vision around the central focus point and is not specifically used to detect eye muscle weakness. It evaluates the function of the retina and optic nerve rather than the eye muscles. This test helps identify issues such as glaucoma or retinal detachment.

Choice C rationale

The Snellen chart test measures visual acuity, specifically how well a person can see at various distances. It is not designed to assess eye muscle strength or alignment. The test involves reading letters of different sizes from a chart placed at a standard distance.

Choice D rationale

The Weber test is an auditory test used to assess hearing loss by placing a vibrating tuning fork on the forehead or middle of the head. It helps determine whether hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural in nature. This test does not provide information about eye muscle function or alignment.

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The nurse is reviewing a client's medical record with a documented Snellen exam of 20/50, uncorrected.Patient could read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty.Based on this information, the client has:

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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The nurse is reviewing a client's medical record with a documented Snellen exam of 20/50, uncorrected.
Patient could read the Rosenbaum chart without difficulty.
Based on this information, the client has: