Which of the following are considered normal findings for assessment of the respiratory system? Select all that apply.
Elliptical chest configuration.
Eupnea.
Resonance.
Inspiratory wheezing.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
Choice A rationale
An elliptical chest configuration is considered a normal shape for the thorax. This configuration allows for optimal lung expansion and function. Deviations from this shape, such as a barrel chest, might indicate underlying pulmonary conditions.
Choice B rationale
Eupnea refers to normal, unlabored breathing, which is an expected finding during a respiratory assessment. It indicates that the individual is not experiencing respiratory distress and that their respiratory rate, rhythm, and effort are within normal limits.
Choice C rationale
Resonance is a normal percussion sound heard over healthy lung tissue. It indicates that the underlying lung areas are filled with air, which is a positive sign of healthy lung function.
Choice D rationale
Inspiratory wheezing, a high-pitched whistling sound during breathing, is typically indicative of narrowed or obstructed airways, often associated with conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and is not considered a normal finding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Scleroderma is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. While it affects the skin, it is unrelated to emphysema and bronchitis, making it an unlikely finding in this client.
Choice B rationale
Pedal erythema, or redness of the feet, can result from various causes, including infections, allergies, and circulatory issues. However, it is not commonly associated with emphysema and bronchitis, making it an unlikely finding in this client.
Choice C rationale
Anasarca is generalized body swelling due to fluid retention, often seen in severe heart failure, liver disease, and kidney failure. While this condition involves significant swelling, it is not typically linked to emphysema and bronchitis.
Choice D rationale
Clubbing of the nails is a common finding in chronic respiratory conditions like emphysema and bronchitis. It involves bulbous enlargement of the fingertips and nail curvature, resulting from prolonged low oxygen levels, making it a likely finding in this client.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A decreased angle between the cuticles and the nails is not indicative of clubbing. In fact, it is often associated with healthy nails. Clubbing is recognized by changes that increase the angle between the nail bed and the cuticle.
Choice B rationale
An upward curving of the nails, known as koilonychia or spoon nails, is not characteristic of clubbing but is often associated with iron-deficiency anemia. Hence, this answer is incorrect for clubbing.
Choice C rationale
Blue nails indicate cyanosis, which is related to a lack of oxygen in the blood. This is distinct from clubbing, which is more about the shape and angle of the nails rather than their color.
Choice D rationale
Clubbing is recognized by an increase in the angle between the nail bed and the cuticle, often greater than 160 degrees. This is a hallmark feature and the correct indicator of clubbing.
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