A 48-year-old male client was admitted in CCU.
In assessing a client's major risk factors for heart disease, which should the nurse include when taking the client's subjective data?
Alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, stress, high cholesterol.
Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol.
Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking.
Family history, hypertension, stress, age.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, stress, and high cholesterol are all significant risk factors for heart disease. However, smoking is not listed in this choice. Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease as it damages the lining of the arteries, leads to the build-up of fatty deposits (atherosclerosis), and increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
Choice B rationale
Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol are all major risk factors for heart disease. Smoking contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and increases the risk of heart attacks. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, strains the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart disease. Obesity is linked to multiple risk factors, including high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension. Diabetes can cause damage to blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. High cholesterol contributes to the formation of plaques in the arteries, leading to atherosclerosis.
Choice C rationale
Personality type is not a major risk factor for heart disease. Although certain personality traits, such as Type A behavior (characterized by competitiveness, urgency, and hostility), have been associated with increased stress and a higher risk of cardiovascular events, they are not considered primary risk factors. High cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking are significant risk factors, but this choice does not include hypertension or obesity, which are also crucial risk factors for heart disease.
Choice D rationale
Family history, hypertension, stress, and age are important risk factors for heart disease, but this choice does not include some key factors such as smoking, obesity, or diabetes. Family history of heart disease can indicate a genetic predisposition to cardiovascular conditions. Hypertension and stress contribute to cardiovascular risk, and age is a non-modifiable risk factor as the risk of heart disease increases with age. However, the absence of smoking, obesity, and diabetes makes this choice less comprehensive in assessing heart disease risk factors. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lordosis refers to an excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine, often referred to as swayback. This condition causes the lower back to arch more than normal, leading to a prominent abdomen and buttocks. Lordosis does not affect the thoracic spine and does not cause an exaggerated curvature in that region.
Choice B rationale
Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine that results in an S- or C-shaped curve. It can occur in the thoracic, lumbar, or cervical regions of the spine. Scoliosis involves a sideways deviation rather than an exaggerated curvature in the thoracic spine.
Choice C rationale
Spinal dysplasia is a broad term that refers to various congenital abnormalities affecting the development of the spine. It includes conditions such as spina bifida, kyphosis, and scoliosis, each with distinct characteristics. The term itself does not specify an exaggerated thoracic curvature.
Choice D rationale
Kyphosis is an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine, resulting in a rounded or hunched back appearance. This condition is common in elderly individuals and can be caused by factors such as osteoporosis, vertebral fractures, or degenerative changes. It leads to a noticeable forward bend of the upper back.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The optic nerve (CN II) is responsible for vision, transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. Dysfunction of the optic nerve would result in visual disturbances, such as loss of vision or changes in visual acuity, rather than difficulty with tongue movement. This nerve does not control motor functions of the tongue.
Choice B rationale
The abducens nerve (CN VI) controls the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, which is responsible for moving the eye outward, away from the nose. Dysfunction of the abducens nerve would result in issues with eye movement, such as double vision or inability to move the eye laterally, not tongue movement. It does not play a role in tongue motor control.
Choice C rationale
The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) controls the muscles of the tongue, enabling movements necessary for speech, swallowing, and mastication. Dysfunction of this nerve would result in difficulty protruding the tongue and reduced strength during resistance testing. Symptoms can include atrophy of the tongue muscles, fasciculations, and deviation of the tongue to one side when extended.
Choice D rationale
The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) is responsible for hearing and balance, transmitting sound and equilibrium information from the inner ear to the brain. Dysfunction of the vestibulocochlear nerve would lead to symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance disorders like vertigo. It does not affect the motor control of the tongue.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.