The nurse is reading a patient's chart and notes the patient has a tumor stage of IV. Which describes the meaning of stage IV cancer?

Tumor in situ, no invasion of other tissues.

Distant metastasis to other sites.

Abnormal cells present, has spread into nearby tissues.

No abnormal cells.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Tumor in situ refers to a tumor that has not invaded surrounding tissues, which is not indicative of stage IV cancer.

Choice B reason: Stage IV cancer is characterized by distant metastasis, meaning the cancer has spread to other sites away from the primary location.

Choice C reason: While the spread into nearby tissues indicates progression, it does not necessarily mean stage IV unless there is distant metastasis.

Choice D reason: The presence of no abnormal cells would not be consistent with any stage of cancer.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect because it suggests that higher oxygen levels trigger breathing, which is not the case in hypoxic drive.

Choice B reason: While carbon dioxide levels do influence breathing, this statement is not accurate in the context of hypoxic drive, which is specifically about oxygen levels.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because the client does notice the need to breathe, but the trigger is low oxygen rather than high carbon dioxide levels.

Choice D reason: This is correct. In clients with COPD, chronic high levels of carbon dioxide can lead to a reliance on low oxygen levels to stimulate breathing.

A. Surgical site infection B. Hypercapnia C. Malignant hyperthermia D. Hypertensive crisis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Surgical site infection is an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place.

Choice B reason: Hypercapnia is the presence of higher-than-normal levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Choice C reason: Malignant hyperthermia is a life-threatening pharmacogenetic reaction to certain general anesthesia, characterized by hypermetabolism resulting in high body temperature, rigid muscles, and rapid heart rate.

Choice D reason: Hypertensive crisis is a severe elevation in blood pressure, often requiring immediate medical attention.

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The nurse is reading a patient's chart and notes the patient has a tumor stage of IV. Which describes the meaning of stage IV cancer?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with COPD should receive only 1-2 liters per minute of oxygen, if needed, or they may lose their hypoxic drive. Which of the following statements is correct about hypoxic drive?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During general surgery, a nurse observes tachycardia, muscle rigidity, respiratory acidosis, and hyperthermia in a patient. Which complication of surgery does the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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