The nurse is reading a patient's chart and notes the patient has a tumor stage of IV. Which describes the meaning of stage IV cancer?

Tumor in situ, no invasion of other tissues.

Distant metastasis to other sites.

Abnormal cells present, has spread into nearby tissues.

No abnormal cells.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Tumor in situ refers to a tumor that has not invaded surrounding tissues, which is not indicative of stage IV cancer.

Choice B reason: Stage IV cancer is characterized by distant metastasis, meaning the cancer has spread to other sites away from the primary location.

Choice C reason: While the spread into nearby tissues indicates progression, it does not necessarily mean stage IV unless there is distant metastasis.

Choice D reason: The presence of no abnormal cells would not be consistent with any stage of cancer.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Direct communication with the surgeon can provide the patient with reassurance and specific information about the surgery, which may alleviate fears.

Choice B reason: Offering spiritual support may be helpful, but it does not directly address the patient's concern about the surgery itself.

Choice C reason: Providing statistics may be reassuring, but it may not fully address the patient's individual fears.

Choice D reason: Recommending analgesics only addresses pain management and not the patient's expressed fear regarding the surgery.

A. Displacement. B. Projection. C. Regression. D. Reaction formation.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Displacement is a defense mechanism where a person redirects a negative emotion from its original source to a less threatening recipient, which is what Mr. Thomas is doing.

Choice B reason: Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable feelings or thoughts to others, which is not what Mr. Thomas is doing.

Choice C reason: Regression is a return to earlier stages of development when faced with stress, which does not describe Mr. Thomas's behavior.

Choice D reason: Reaction formation involves behaving in a way that is opposite to what one truly feels, which is not indicated in this scenario.

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The nurse is reading a patient's chart and notes the patient has a tumor stage of IV. Which describes the meaning of stage IV cancer?

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is reading a patient's chart and notes the patient has a tumor stage of IV. Which describes the meaning of stage IV cancer?

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