A nurse overhears a client who has schizophrenia talking to herself. The client keeps stating "The muxtranks are coming. The muntranks are coming. The nurse correctly recognizes the client's use of the word mazuka as an example of which of the following alterations in speech?
Neologism
Clang association
Echolalla
Word salad
The Correct Answer is A
A. Neologism.
Neologism is a language disturbance in which the individual creates new, idiosyncratic words that have meaning only to the individual. In this case, the client's use of "mazuka" is an example of a neologism as it is a made-up word that holds significance only for the client.
B. Clang association involves the association of words based on sound rather than meaning.
C. Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others.
D. Word salad refers to a jumble of words and phrases that lack coherent meaning or logical connection.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Elevated heart rate is not a typical sign of opioid toxicity. Opioids usually have a depressant effect on the cardiovascular system, leading to bradycardia.
B. Hypertension is not a typical effect of opioid toxicity. Opioids often cause hypotension due to vasodilation.
C. Pupillary constriction (miosis).
Acute fentanyl toxicity is associated with opioid overdose, and opioids typically cause miosis (constriction of the pupils). Other common symptoms of opioid toxicity include respiratory depression, sedation, and potentially unconsciousness.
D. Tachypnea is not a typical sign of opioid toxicity. Opioids tend to depress the respiratory system, leading to respiratory depression and potentially hypoventilation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Requesting an appointment to discuss depression is an indication that the client is seeking help, which is a positive step. It does not necessarily indicate an immediate risk of suicide.
B. Stating that they are stopping their medication raises concerns about treatment compliance, but it does not provide a clear indication of suicidal intent. It is important to assess the reasons for discontinuing medication and address any concerns.
C. Sleeping 12 hours a day can be a symptom of depression, but it does not necessarily indicate an immediate risk of suicide. It is crucial to assess the client's overall mental health and functioning.
D. A client who is giving away their possessions.
Giving away possessions can be a warning sign of suicidal intent. This behavior may indicate that the individual is preparing for the possibility of not needing those belongings in the future. It is crucial for the nurse to assess and intervene promptly if a client is exhibiting signs of suicidality.
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