A nurse overhears a client who has schizophrenia talking to herself. The client keeps stating "The muxtranks are coming. The muntranks are coming. The nurse correctly recognizes the client's use of the word mazuka as an example of which of the following alterations in speech?
Neologism
Clang association
Echolalla
Word salad
The Correct Answer is A
A. Neologism.
Neologism is a language disturbance in which the individual creates new, idiosyncratic words that have meaning only to the individual. In this case, the client's use of "mazuka" is an example of a neologism as it is a made-up word that holds significance only for the client.
B. Clang association involves the association of words based on sound rather than meaning.
C. Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others.
D. Word salad refers to a jumble of words and phrases that lack coherent meaning or logical connection.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Setting limits on the amount of time the client talks about delusions (option A) is not the most therapeutic approach. While it's important to redirect the client and encourage engagement in reality-based discussions, setting strict time limits may feel punitive and hinder the therapeutic relationship.
B. Scheduling a variety of competitive, stimulating group activities for the client (option B) may be overwhelming for someone experiencing paranoid delusions. It's essential to create a supportive and non-threatening environment.
C. Telling the client that the delusions are not real (option C) is generally not effective and can be counterproductive. Individuals with schizophrenia often have a strong belief in the reality of their delusions, and direct confrontation can lead to resistance and mistrust.
D. Avoiding asking the client about triggers for the delusions (option D) is a reasonable approach. Pressing the client for information about their delusions may increase anxiety and paranoia. It's more appropriate to build a trusting relationship before exploring potential triggers. As the therapeutic relationship develops, exploring triggers can be part of a comprehensive care plan.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Dental caries is not a specific complication commonly associated with heroin use. Dental issues may result from other substances or lifestyle factors.
B. Perforation of the nasal septum is a complication associated with the intranasal use of heroin. Chronic snorting or sniffing of heroin can damage the nasal septum, leading to a perforation.
C. Permanent effects on short-term memory loss are more commonly associated with the use of substances like cannabis or certain hallucinogens. Heroin use is not typically linked to permanent effects on short-term memory.
D. Pancreatitis is not a commonly reported complication of heroin use. Pancreatitis is more commonly associated with alcohol use disorder and gallstone-related issues.
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