The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

You will need to eat a high-potassium and high-protein diet.

You may end up needing dialysis as the disease progresses.

You will need to undergo a vasectomy because people with this condition should not have children.

People with this genetic condition are not candidates for kidney transplant.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Patients with PKD may have issues with kidney function over time, which can affect potassium levels. Typically, a high-potassium diet is not recommended for those with kidney problems because it can exacerbate hyperkalemia.
B.   Polycystic kidney disease can lead to progressive loss of kidney function, and many patients eventually require dialysis or a kidney transplant as the disease advances and kidney function declines.

C.   There is no general recommendation for a vasectomy solely based on having PKD. While PKD is a genetic condition, and individuals with PKD can pass the condition on to their children, there is no requirement for men with PKD to undergo sterilization.
D.   People with PKD are potential candidates for kidney transplantation if their kidney function deteriorates to the point where dialysis is required. PKD itself does not disqualify individuals from receiving a kidney transplant.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Calcium gluconate is used to treat or prevent calcium deficiencies and to manage conditions related to calcium imbalances, such as hypocalcemia. It is not typically used to prevent struvite stones.
B. Antibiotics are the most appropriate choice for preventing the recurrence of struvite stones. Since struvite stones are associated with urinary tract infections caused by urease-producing bacteria, antibiotic therapy is aimed at eliminating these infections. By treating or preventing UTIs, the conditions that lead to struvite stone formation are addressed, reducing the likelihood of recurrence.
C. Tamsulosin is an alpha-blocker used to relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow in conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is not specifically used for preventing struvite stones.
D. Phosphate binders are used to reduce phosphate levels in the blood, which is important in managing conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) where phosphate levels can be elevated.

A. Potassium will be removed from the body and excreted in the stool. B. The heart will be protected from dysrhythmias while the serum potassium is elevated. C. Potassium will temporarily shift from the blood into the cells. D. Serum potassium levels will increase further due to this medication being administered.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Calcium gluconate does not directly affect the elimination of potassium from the body or its excretion in the stool. It does not act on the kidneys or gastrointestinal tract to remove potassium. Its primary role is to stabilize the cardiac membrane.
B. Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and reduces the risk of dysrhythmias associated with elevated serum potassium levels. Hyperkalemia can increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias, and calcium gluconate helps to counteract these effects by protecting the heart muscle.
C. Calcium gluconate does not cause potassium to shift from the blood into the cells. The shift of potassium into cells is typically induced by other treatments such as insulin and glucose or beta- agonists. Calcium gluconate does not have this effect.
D. Calcium gluconate does not increase serum potassium levels. It primarily serves to protect the heart from the effects of high potassium levels. It does not have a direct effect on the potassium level itself but helps manage the consequences of hyperkalemia.

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The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. The nurse recognizes that administering IV calcium gluconate to this client will result in which of the following effects?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

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