During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia

Hypokalemia and hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia

Hypokalemia and hyponatremia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia are generally not associated with the diuretic phase of AKI. In the diuretic phase, the primary issue is excessive loss of electrolytes and fluid, rather than their accumulation.
B.   Hypokalemia can occur during the diuretic phase because diuretics increase the excretion of potassium along with water. Hypernatremia is not typical of the diuretic phase. Instead, sodium levels might decrease or remain normal due to the loss of fluid and electrolytes.
C.   Hyperkalemia is unlikely during the diuretic phase as diuretics often lead to increased potassium loss. Hyponatremia is a more likely outcome during the diuretic phase due to the loss of sodium and fluid through increased urine output.

D.   During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is significant loss of electrolytes, including potassium and sodium. Diuretics increase urine output, leading to the loss of potassium and sodium, which can occur as a result of excessive fluid and electrolyte loss.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It is not appropriate for managing CKD directly and is generally avoided in patients with kidney impairment due to its potential nephrotoxicity.
B. Potassium supplements are typically not recommended unless there is a documented deficiency in potassium. In stage 3a CKD, managing potassium levels is crucial, but supplements are not usually needed unless potassium levels are low.
C. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE inhibitors are beneficial for patients with CKD as they help lower blood pressure and provide renal protective effects. They can reduce proteinuria (protein in urine), which is common in CKD, and may slow the progression of kidney disease.
D. Metformin is an oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and lowering blood glucose levels. Although it is important to monitor blood glucose in CKD patients, this
client’s fasting blood glucose is within normal range (83 mg/dL), so Metformin is not indicated unless there was evidence of diabetes or significant glucose dysregulation.

A. A prostate examination B. A blood glucose check C. Genetic testing D. Antistreptolysin-O titers

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A prostate examination is typically performed for issues related to the prostate, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer. It is not relevant to diagnosing or managing acute glomerulonephritis, which is related to kidney inflammation rather than prostate issues.
B. A blood glucose check is used to diagnose and manage diabetes. While diabetes can contribute to chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary test for diagnosing acute glomerulonephritis or identifying its most common cause.
C. Genetic testing is useful for diagnosing inherited conditions or genetic predispositions to diseases. However, acute glomerulonephritis is typically caused by an infection or an autoimmune reaction, and genetic testing is not the primary diagnostic tool for this condition.
D. Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers are tests used to detect antibodies produced in response to a streptococcal infection. Elevated ASO titers indicate a recent streptococcal infection, which is the most common cause of post-infectious acute glomerulonephritis.

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During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Considering the most common cause of this condition, which test should the nurse anticipate will be performed?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

A client who received a kidney transplant last month is in the nephrology clinic for a follow-up visit. Which education should the nurse provide to the client regarding complications which can arise after a kidney transplant?

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A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. The nurse recognizes that administering IV calcium gluconate to this client will result in which of the following effects?

A client with rapidly progressing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) asks about the possibility of a kidney transplant. In responding to the client, the nurse understands that which of the following is a contraindication for receiving a kidney transplant?

A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of untreated chronic kidney disease?