A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

Calcium gluconate

Antibiotics

Tamsulosin

Phosphate binders

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Calcium gluconate is used to treat or prevent calcium deficiencies and to manage conditions related to calcium imbalances, such as hypocalcemia. It is not typically used to prevent struvite stones.
B.   Antibiotics are the most appropriate choice for preventing the recurrence of struvite stones. Since struvite stones are associated with urinary tract infections caused by urease-producing bacteria, antibiotic therapy is aimed at eliminating these infections. By treating or preventing UTIs, the conditions that lead to struvite stone formation are addressed, reducing the likelihood of recurrence.
C.   Tamsulosin is an alpha-blocker used to relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow in conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is not specifically used for preventing struvite stones.
D.   Phosphate binders are used to reduce phosphate levels in the blood, which is important in managing conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) where phosphate levels can be elevated.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This is a pre-renal cause of acute kidney injury, related to decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
B. This is a post-renal cause of acute kidney injury, as it obstructs the outflow of urine.
C. This is an intrarenal cause of acute kidney injury, directly affecting the kidney tissue.
D. This is an intrarenal cause of acute kidney injury, related to damage to the small blood vessels in the kidneys.

A. Gentamicin B. Daily potassium supplement C. Captopril D. Metformin

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It is not appropriate for managing CKD directly and is generally avoided in patients with kidney impairment due to its potential nephrotoxicity.
B. Potassium supplements are typically not recommended unless there is a documented deficiency in potassium. In stage 3a CKD, managing potassium levels is crucial, but supplements are not usually needed unless potassium levels are low.
C. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE inhibitors are beneficial for patients with CKD as they help lower blood pressure and provide renal protective effects. They can reduce proteinuria (protein in urine), which is common in CKD, and may slow the progression of kidney disease.
D. Metformin is an oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and lowering blood glucose levels. Although it is important to monitor blood glucose in CKD patients, this
client’s fasting blood glucose is within normal range (83 mg/dL), so Metformin is not indicated unless there was evidence of diabetes or significant glucose dysregulation.

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A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following clients is at risk of developing acute kidney injury from a post-renal cause?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has had recurrent kidney stones. Upon lab analysis of the client's urine, it is found that excessive purine intake is the underlying cause. Which of the following high-purine foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of untreated chronic kidney disease?

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