A client with rapidly progressing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) asks about the possibility of a kidney transplant. In responding to the client, the nurse understands that which of the following is a contraindication for receiving a kidney transplant?
Controlled hypertension
Alcohol abuse 3 years ago
Refractory cardiovascular disease
Hepatitis C infection
The Correct Answer is C
Hypertension is a risk factor for kidney disease. However, it can often be managed with medication. Controlled hypertension is not typically a contraindication for a kidney transplant.
B.    If the client has maintained sobriety for a significant period, it might not be a contraindication. A history of alcohol abuse would require careful evaluation but doesn't necessarily preclude transplantation.
C.    This is a contraindication for kidney transplantation. Severe heart disease can significantly increase the risks associated with surgery and post-transplant care.
D.    Hepatitis C can be a challenge but it's not an absolute contraindication. Many transplant centers have protocols for managing hepatitis C-positive recipients.
 
Nursing Test Bank
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. It helps to temporarily lower serum potassium levels by driving potassium into the cells. This effect is usually short-lived and is often used in emergency situations to quickly manage hyperkalemia.
B. Calcium Gluconate is used to stabilize the cardiac membrane in the setting of hyperkalemia, especially if there are ECG changes or symptoms of hyperkalemia. It does not lower the serum potassium level but helps protect the heart from the potential arrhythmias caused by elevated potassium levels.
C. Patiromer (Veltassa) is a potassium binder that helps to remove excess potassium from the body through the gastrointestinal tract. It binds potassium in the gut and facilitates its excretion in the stool.
D. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension and heart failure. It can actually increase potassium levels by decreasing the excretion of potassium through the kidneys.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Tolvaptan does not increase the glomerular filtration rate. It actually works by blocking the action of a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain water, leading to increased urine output.
B. While Tolvaptan can slow the progression of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and delay the need for dialysis or transplant, it does not guarantee prevention of these outcomes.
C. Tolvaptan is used to slow the growth of kidney cysts in patients with PKD.
D. Hyponatremia is a common side effect of Tolvaptan due to increased water loss through urine. However, this is not the primary role.
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