A client with polycystic kidney disease is prescribed the medication Tolvaptan. What should the nurse include when educating the client about this medication.
This medication increases the glomerular filtration rate.
This medication will prevent you from eventually needing a kidney transplant.
This medication slows the growth of renal cysts.
This medication can cause hyponatremia.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Tolvaptan does not increase the glomerular filtration rate. It actually works by blocking the action of a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain water, leading to increased urine output.
B. While Tolvaptan can slow the progression of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and delay the need for dialysis or transplant, it does not guarantee prevention of these outcomes.
C. Tolvaptan is used to slow the growth of kidney cysts in patients with PKD.
D. Hyponatremia is a common side effect of Tolvaptan due to increased water loss through urine. However, this is not the primary role.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Patients with PKD may have issues with kidney function over time, which can affect potassium levels. Typically, a high-potassium diet is not recommended for those with kidney problems because it can exacerbate hyperkalemia.
B. Polycystic kidney disease can lead to progressive loss of kidney function, and many patients eventually require dialysis or a kidney transplant as the disease advances and kidney function declines.
C. There is no general recommendation for a vasectomy solely based on having PKD. While PKD is a genetic condition, and individuals with PKD can pass the condition on to their children, there is no requirement for men with PKD to undergo sterilization.
D. People with PKD are potential candidates for kidney transplantation if their kidney function deteriorates to the point where dialysis is required. PKD itself does not disqualify individuals from receiving a kidney transplant.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It is not appropriate for managing CKD directly and is generally avoided in patients with kidney impairment due to its potential nephrotoxicity.
B. Potassium supplements are typically not recommended unless there is a documented deficiency in potassium. In stage 3a CKD, managing potassium levels is crucial, but supplements are not usually needed unless potassium levels are low.
C. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE inhibitors are beneficial for patients with CKD as they help lower blood pressure and provide renal protective effects. They can reduce proteinuria (protein in urine), which is common in CKD, and may slow the progression of kidney disease.
D. Metformin is an oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and lowering blood glucose levels. Although it is important to monitor blood glucose in CKD patients, this
client’s fasting blood glucose is within normal range (83 mg/dL), so Metformin is not indicated unless there was evidence of diabetes or significant glucose dysregulation.
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