A client with polycystic kidney disease is prescribed the medication Tolvaptan. What should the nurse include when educating the client about this medication.
This medication increases the glomerular filtration rate.
This medication will prevent you from eventually needing a kidney transplant.
This medication slows the growth of renal cysts.
This medication can cause hyponatremia.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Tolvaptan does not increase the glomerular filtration rate. It actually works by blocking the action of a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain water, leading to increased urine output.
B. While Tolvaptan can slow the progression of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and delay the need for dialysis or transplant, it does not guarantee prevention of these outcomes.
C. Tolvaptan is used to slow the growth of kidney cysts in patients with PKD.
D. Hyponatremia is a common side effect of Tolvaptan due to increased water loss through urine. However, this is not the primary role.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It is not appropriate for managing CKD directly and is generally avoided in patients with kidney impairment due to its potential nephrotoxicity.
B. Potassium supplements are typically not recommended unless there is a documented deficiency in potassium. In stage 3a CKD, managing potassium levels is crucial, but supplements are not usually needed unless potassium levels are low.
C. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE inhibitors are beneficial for patients with CKD as they help lower blood pressure and provide renal protective effects. They can reduce proteinuria (protein in urine), which is common in CKD, and may slow the progression of kidney disease.
D. Metformin is an oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and lowering blood glucose levels. Although it is important to monitor blood glucose in CKD patients, this
client’s fasting blood glucose is within normal range (83 mg/dL), so Metformin is not indicated unless there was evidence of diabetes or significant glucose dysregulation.
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
A. Green beans are relatively low in potassium compared to other foods. While they do contain potassium, it is not in particularly high amounts. Therefore, they are generally considered safe in moderate amounts for individuals with CKD, but should still be monitored as part of a potassium- restricted diet.
B. Apples are low in potassium compared to many other fruits. They can be a good option for those needing to restrict potassium intake.
C. A typical serving of orange juice can contain a significant amount of potassium, which can contribute to elevated potassium levels in CKD patients. It should be limited or avoided to manage potassium intake effectively.
D. Avocados are high in potassium. A single avocado contains a substantial amount of potassium, making it a food that should be limited or avoided in a potassium-restricted diet for individuals with CKD.
E. Onions are relatively low in potassium and can be used in moderation by individuals with CKD. They are not typically a major concern for potassium restriction.
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